https://wiki.base48.cz/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Buger base48 - User contributions [en] 2026-11-05T07:52:22Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.45.4 https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=LED_Panel_30x7&diff=5730 LED Panel 30x7 2026-10-29T01:54:14Z <p>Buger: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Project<br /> |name=LED Panel 30x7<br /> |image=LED_panel_30x7.jpg<br /> |founder=Buger<br /> |status=active<br /> |tags=hw<br /> |shortdesc=LED Panels 30x7 - make them working<br /> |created=2026-28-10<br /> }}<br /> = What is this about =<br /> This project is about to make these LED panels working. We got them for free including power supplies and some cables, however the communication protocol is unknown. <br /> <br /> To be able to use them we need to find out the protocol, or make our own firmware.<br /> <br /> = Hack the protocol! =<br /> The device is equipped with pair of XLR connectors connected in parallel suggesting use of DMX or RS485 protocol with daisy-chaining in mind, also the vendor (https://www.srs-group.com) is making a lot of DMX stuff, however I tried to send it DMX data on all 512 channels but no luck. I also tried to send it RS485 data in various formats, baudrates, etc - nothing worked.<br /> <br /> I also tried to read the firmware of the main controller (atmega16) but its locked (as usual).<br /> <br /> So I deciced to go &quot;my firmware&quot; way...<br /> <br /> = Make our own firmware =<br /> To be able to make our own firmware we need to know how this works - so I spent couple of hours reverse engineering the control board so we have the schematic <br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_schematic.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED &amp; driver layout]]<br /> <br /> Then I used money of the US tax payers (free chatgpt AI) to make the firmware for atmega16 in arduino with the MightyCore atmega16 support. I told him where and how are the shift registers and row decoders connected, his first task was just to display &quot;base48&quot; text... He did it... Then I asked him to add very simple serial protocol that whill wait for device address and then starts to receive graphics data column by column... And that worked too. <br /> <br /> After some polishing here is the firmware that:<br /> * on power up it reads device address from EEPROM address 0<br /> * shows the device address for 3 seconds on the screen<br /> * then screen is cleared and it waits for serial data (115200, 8N1)<br /> * it ignores all data until device address is received<br /> * after it receives its address, it starts to receive graphics data and resets the column counter<br /> * because each colum of display consists of 7 LEDs, I decided that all bytes with 0 in the most significant bit (0x0-0x7F) will represent graphics data (simply each bit corresponds to LED in the column) and all with 1 in this bit (0x80-0xFF) will represent device address<br /> * therefore the device address needs to be in 0x80-0xFF range, this way we can handle up to 128 devices on the same bus<br /> * after each received graphics byte column counter is incremented<br /> * therefore if the device address its for example 0x80, you need to send 0x80, 0x7F, 0x7F, ... and 28 more 0x7Fs to make all LEDs on the panel lid up<br /> * the device ignores all bytes &gt;=0x80 if they are not its device address<br /> * the device ignores all graphics data if end of display was reached (means all 30 columns received) until it receives its address again<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;arduino&quot;&gt;<br /> #include &lt;SPI.h&gt;<br /> #include &lt;EEPROM.h&gt;<br /> <br /> // device address is stored in eeprom on address 0 and should be &gt;=0x80<br /> // to change it run &quot;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&quot; and replace 0x80 with your address<br /> <br /> // graphics data = all bytes from serial &lt; 0x80 (as we have only 7 LEDs)<br /> // when device address is received on serial = start receiving graphics data to display buffer<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Konfigurace pinů – ATmega16, MightyCore std pipnout<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t PIN_LATCH = 21; // PC5<br /> const uint8_t PIN_OE = 20; // PC4<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S0 = 16; // PC0<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S1 = 17; // PC1<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S2 = 18; // PC2<br /> const uint8_t PIN_EN = 19; // PC3<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SPI_SPEED = 16000000; //drivery by mely fungovat do 20MHz<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Parametry displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t WIDTH = 30;<br /> const uint8_t HEIGHT = 7;<br /> <br /> const uint32_t ROW_TIME_US = 1000;<br /> <br /> const uint8_t DECODER_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t DECODER_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Sériová komunikace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SERIAL_BAUD = 115200;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Obrazová paměť<br /> //<br /> // buffer[row][column]<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> bool buffer[HEIGHT][WIDTH];<br /> <br /> // Index následujícího zapisovaného sloupce.<br /> // WIDTH znamená, že je buffer plný.<br /> <br /> uint8_t writeColumn = 0;<br /> <br /> uint8_t devAddr = 80;<br /> uint32_t startupDisplayTime = 0;<br /> bool startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Font 3x5 pro úvodní zobrazení adresy<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> // Každý znak má 3 sloupce, každý sloupec obsahuje 5 bitů.<br /> // Bit 0 = horní pixel.<br /> <br /> const uint8_t font3x5[][3] = {<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x1F}, // 0<br /> {0x00, 0x1F, 0x00}, // 1<br /> {0x1D, 0x15, 0x17}, // 2<br /> {0x15, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 3<br /> {0x07, 0x04, 0x1F}, // 4<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 5<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 6<br /> {0x01, 0x01, 0x1F}, // 7<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 8<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 9<br /> {0x1E, 0x05, 0x1E}, // A<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x0A}, // B<br /> {0x0E, 0x11, 0x11}, // C<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x0E}, // D<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x11}, // E<br /> {0x1F, 0x05, 0x01}, // F<br /> {0x14, 0x08, 0x14} // x<br /> };<br /> <br /> // Vymazání obrazového bufferu.<br /> void clearBuffer() {<br /> memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Vykreslení jednoho znaku 3x5.<br /> void drawChar(uint8_t index, uint8_t x, uint8_t y) {<br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++) {<br /> uint8_t bits = font3x5[index][col];<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++) {<br /> if (x + col &lt; WIDTH &amp;&amp; y + row &lt; HEIGHT) {<br /> buffer[y + row][x + col] = (bits &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zobrazení adresy, například 0x83.<br /> void showDeviceAddress() {<br /> clearBuffer();<br /> <br /> char text[5];<br /> snprintf(text, sizeof(text), &quot;%02X&quot;, devAddr);<br /> <br /> // Text tvoří 0, x a dvě hexadecimální číslice.<br /> // Šířka: 4 znaky * 3 pixely + 3 mezery = 15 pixelů.<br /> // Začátek je vypočítán pro vodorovné vycentrování.<br /> uint8_t x = (WIDTH - 15) / 2;<br /> uint8_t y = (HEIGHT - 5) / 2;<br /> <br /> drawChar(0, x, y); // 0<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> drawChar(16, x, y); // x<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t i = 0; i &lt; 2; i++) {<br /> char c = text[i];<br /> <br /> uint8_t index;<br /> if (c &gt;= '0' &amp;&amp; c &lt;= '9') {<br /> index = c - '0';<br /> } else {<br /> index = c - 'A' + 10;<br /> }<br /> <br /> drawChar(index, x, y);<br /> x += 4;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Příjem dat ze sériového portu<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void processSerial() {<br /> <br /> while (Serial.available() &gt; 0) {<br /> <br /> uint8_t data = Serial.read();<br /> <br /> // Bajty s nejvyšším bitem 1 jsou příkazy.<br /> if (data &amp; 0x80) {<br /> <br /> // Jediný podporovaný příkaz: reset adresy zápisu pokud je prijat devAddr.<br /> if (data == devAddr) {<br /> writeColumn = 0;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Ostatní ignorovat<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Pokud je buffer plný, další data ignorovat.<br /> if (writeColumn &gt;= WIDTH) {<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zapsat všech 7 bitů do aktuálního sloupce.<br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; HEIGHT; row++) {<br /> <br /> buffer[row][writeColumn] = (data &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Připravit následující sloupec.<br /> writeColumn++;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Výběr řádku přes 74LS138<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void selectRow(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, (row &amp; 0x01) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, (row &amp; 0x02) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, (row &amp; 0x04) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Zápis sloupců do dvou A6276E<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void writeColumns(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> uint32_t word = 0;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; WIDTH; col++) {<br /> <br /> if (buffer[row][col]) {<br /> word |= (1UL &lt;&lt; col);<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, LOW);<br /> <br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 24) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer(word &amp; 0xFF);<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Multiplexní obsluha displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> uint8_t currentRow = 0;<br /> uint32_t lastRowChange = 0;<br /> <br /> void refreshDisplay() {<br /> <br /> uint32_t now = micros();<br /> <br /> if ((uint32_t)(now - lastRowChange) &lt; ROW_TIME_US) {<br /> return;<br /> }<br /> <br /> lastRowChange = now;<br /> <br /> // 1. Zhasnout výstupy během změny řádku.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 2. Zakázat dekodér.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 3. Zapsat data pro aktuální řádek.<br /> writeColumns(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 4. Vybrat řádek.<br /> selectRow(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 5. Povolit řádek.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 6. Povolit výstupy LED driverů.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 7. Připravit následující řádek.<br /> currentRow++;<br /> <br /> if (currentRow &gt;= HEIGHT) {<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Inicializace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void setup() {<br /> // Sériová komunikace 115200 baud.<br /> Serial.begin(SERIAL_BAUD);<br /> <br /> // SPI pro LED drivery.<br /> SPI.begin();<br /> <br /> SPI.beginTransaction(<br /> SPISettings(SPI_SPEED, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0)<br /> );<br /> <br /> // Konfigurace pinů.<br /> pinMode(PIN_LATCH, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_OE, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S0, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S1, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S2, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_EN, OUTPUT);<br /> <br /> // Displej při inicializaci zhasnout.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, LOW);<br /> <br /> // buffer pointer je po resetu nastaven na WIDTH aby se ignorovala data dokud nedojde odpovidajici devaddr<br /> writeColumn = WIDTH;<br /> <br /> // Okamžitá první obnova displeje.<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> lastRowChange = micros() - ROW_TIME_US;<br /> <br /> // Adresa zarizeni z EEPROM z adresy 0<br /> devAddr = EEPROM.read(0) | 0x80; //nacist adresu z eeprom a ujistit se ze bude &gt;=0x80<br /> <br /> showDeviceAddress();<br /> <br /> startupDisplayTime = millis();<br /> startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Hlavní smyčka<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void loop() {<br /> <br /> if (!startupDisplayActive) {<br /> processSerial();<br /> } else if ((uint32_t)(millis() - startupDisplayTime) &gt;= 3000) {<br /> // Po 3 sekundách odstranit uvidni screen s adresou a zacit prijimat data<br /> startupDisplayActive = false;<br /> clearBuffer(); <br /> }<br /> <br /> // obnovovat displej<br /> refreshDisplay();<br /> }<br /> <br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> You need MightyCore https://github.com/MCUdude/Mightycore in your arduino to be able to compile it, and here is the arduino configuration<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_arduino_cfg.png]]<br /> <br /> Also here is the compiled firmware in .hex (sorry wiki does not let me to upload it as file)...<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;hexdump&quot;&gt;<br /> :100000000C9465000C948D000C948D000C948D0064<br /> :100010000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D002C<br /> :100020000C948D000C94A9020C948D000C94770212<br /> :100030000C9451020C948D000C948D000C948D0046<br /> :100040000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D00FC<br /> :100050000C948D0000000002000000000000000071<br /> :100060000504000700000000000000000000000080<br /> :100070000000000000003B003800350032000000A6<br /> :100080003A0037003400310002020202020202028A<br /> 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cheap USBasp to do that.<br /> <br /> !!! THE ISP HEADER USE NON-STANDARD PINOUT - DO NOT PLUG STANDARD USBASP CABLE, YOU NEED TO PIN THESE ACCORDING TO SCHEMATIC OTHERWISE USBASP POWER WILL BE SHORTED !!!<br /> <br /> * install avrdude<br /> * connect USBasp and panel power supply<br /> * verify that you can communicate with the atmega over USBasp &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16&lt;/code&gt; that should say &quot;device signature = 0x1e9403 (probably m16)&quot;<br /> * erase the locked atmega16 using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -e&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the fuses (16MHz xtal, 4V BOD, jtag off, preserved EEPROM on chip erase, ISP allowed) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U lfuse:w:0x3f:m -U hfuse:w:0xc7:m&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the device address (needs to be in range 0x80-0xFF) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&lt;/code&gt; replace 0x80 with desired address<br /> * write and verify the firmware using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U flash:w:firmware.hex:i&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * done<br /> * ... the address could be changed using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&lt;/code&gt; in the future without the need of reflashing the main FW again<br /> <br /> == Show something on the screen ==<br /> Here are some bash examples (to be easy to understand) how to display something on the screen.<br /> <br /> You need RS485 adapter to send data from computer to the module. Alternatively (for testing purposes with short cables) you can use cheap TTL USB-to-Serial adapter connected this way (do NOT use ordinary RS232, will not work):<br /> * GND from USB-to-Serial to pin 1 on XLR<br /> * TxD from USB-to-Serial to pin 3 on XLR<br /> * put two same resistors (about 1k - 5K) in series, connect one end to Vcc+ (from USB-to-Serial), the other to GND, and the middle of them to pin 2 on XLR<br /> * this way it will work with the differencial bus, but the range (lenght of the cable) and intereference immunity will be significantly reduced<br /> <br /> === This example shows the &quot;base48&quot; text on screen with address 0x80 ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|base48 rulezz]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu: 115200 baud, 8N1<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Odeslat příkaz 0x80 a grafická data.<br /> # Každý znak má 4 sloupce, mezi znaky je jeden prázdný sloupec.<br /> # Bit 0 = horní LED, bit 6 = spodní LED.<br /> <br /> printf '\x80\x7F\x48\x48\x30\x00\x20\x54\x54\x78\x00\x48\x54\x54\x20\x00\x38\x54\x54\x18\x00\x18\x14\x12\x7F\x00\x36\x49\x49\x36\x00' &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> === This example shows simple clock on screen with address 0x80 ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_clock.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED panel 30x7 showing clock]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Font číslic 3x5<br /> declare -a FONT=(<br /> &quot;111 101 101 101 111&quot; # 0<br /> &quot;010 110 010 010 111&quot; # 1<br /> &quot;111 001 111 100 111&quot; # 2<br /> &quot;111 001 111 001 111&quot; # 3<br /> &quot;101 101 111 001 001&quot; # 4<br /> &quot;111 100 111 001 111&quot; # 5<br /> &quot;111 100 111 101 111&quot; # 6<br /> &quot;111 001 010 010 010&quot; # 7<br /> &quot;111 101 111 101 111&quot; # 8<br /> &quot;111 101 111 001 111&quot; # 9<br /> )<br /> <br /> # Vykreslení číslice do sloupcového bufferu.<br /> # Číslice má šířku 3 a výšku 5 LED.<br /> # Začíná na řádku 1, takže je na displeji vystředěná.<br /> <br /> draw_digit() {<br /> local digit=$1<br /> local x=$2<br /> local row col bits<br /> local -a rows<br /> <br /> read -ra rows &lt;&lt;&lt; &quot;${FONT[$digit]}&quot;<br /> <br /> for ((row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++)); do<br /> for ((col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++)); do<br /> if [[ ${rows[$row]:$col:1} == 1 ]]; then<br /> ((bits = 1 &lt;&lt; (row + 1)))<br /> ((columns[x + col] |= bits))<br /> fi<br /> done<br /> done<br /> }<br /> <br /> # Nekonečná smyčka hodin<br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # Získat aktuální čas počítače<br /> time=$(date '+%H%M%S')<br /> <br /> # Vymazat obrazový buffer<br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> columns[i]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Rozložení HH:MM:SS<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:0:1}&quot; 2<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:1:1}&quot; 6<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[10] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:2:1}&quot; 12<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:3:1}&quot; 16<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[20] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:4:1}&quot; 22<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:5:1}&quot; 26<br /> # Sestavit příkaz 0x83 a všech 30 sloupců.<br /> # Data jsou zatím reprezentována jako escape sekvence,<br /> # aby fungovaly i bajty s hodnotou 0x00.<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[i]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Odeslat celý obraz jedním printf<br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> # Aktualizace přibližně jednou za sekundu<br /> sleep 1<br /> <br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> === Here is a simple pong game for two players controlled with keys Q, A, P, L ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_pong.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|pong game on LED panel 30x7]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> WIDTH=30<br /> HEIGHT=7<br /> DELAY=0.05<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Uložení nastavení terminálu a povolení čtení kláves bez Enteru<br /> OLD_STTY=$(stty -g) || exit 1<br /> restore_terminal() {<br /> stty &quot;$OLD_STTY&quot;<br /> }<br /> trap restore_terminal EXIT INT TERM<br /> <br /> stty -echo -icanon min 0 time 0<br /> <br /> # Počáteční pozice pálek<br /> left_paddle=3<br /> right_paddle=3<br /> <br /> # Inicializace hry<br /> new_game() {<br /> ball_x=15<br /> ball_y=3<br /> <br /> # Náhodný směr míčku<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vx=1<br /> else<br /> vx=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> }<br /> <br /> new_game<br /> <br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Čtení kláves<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> while IFS= read -r -s -n 1 -t 0.001 key; do<br /> case &quot;$key&quot; in<br /> q|Q)<br /> ((left_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> a|A)<br /> ((left_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> p|P)<br /> ((right_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> l|L)<br /> ((right_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> $'\003')<br /> exit 0<br /> ;;<br /> esac<br /> done<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Výpočet nové pozice míčku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> next_x=$((ball_x + vx))<br /> next_y=$((ball_y + vy))<br /> <br /> # Odraz od horní a dolní hrany<br /> if ((next_y &lt; 0)); then<br /> next_y=1<br /> vy=1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt;= HEIGHT)); then<br /> next_y=$((HEIGHT - 2))<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Levá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &lt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &lt;= 0)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= left_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= left_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl levou pálku<br /> next_x=1<br /> vx=1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> # Zásah doprostřed: náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí levé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &gt;= WIDTH - 1)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= right_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= right_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl pravou pálku<br /> next_x=$((WIDTH - 2))<br /> vx=-1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí pravé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Uložení pozice míčku<br /> ball_x=$next_x<br /> ball_y=$next_y<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Vykreslení snímku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> columns[x]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Levá pálka<br /> for ((y = left_paddle - 1; y &lt;= left_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[0] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> for ((y = right_paddle - 1; y &lt;= right_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[WIDTH - 1] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Míček<br /> ((columns[ball_x] |= 1 &lt;&lt; ball_y))<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Odeslání snímku displeji<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[x]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> sleep &quot;$DELAY&quot;<br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> Stay 420, have fun!</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=LED_Panel_30x7&diff=5729 LED Panel 30x7 2026-10-29T01:52:09Z <p>Buger: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Project<br /> |name=LED Panel 30x7<br /> |image=LED_panel_30x7.jpg<br /> |founder=Buger<br /> |status=active<br /> |tags=hw<br /> |shortdesc=LED Panels 30x7 - make them working<br /> |created=2026-28-10<br /> }}<br /> = What is this about =<br /> This project is about to make these LED panels working. We got them for free including power supplies and some cables, however the communication protocol is unknown. <br /> <br /> To be able to use them we need to find out the protocol, or make our own firmware.<br /> <br /> = Hack the protocol! =<br /> The device is equipped with pair of XLR connectors connected in parallel suggesting use of DMX or RS485 protocol with daisy-chaining in mind, also the vendor (https://www.srs-group.com) is making a lot of DMX stuff, however I tried to send it DMX data on all 512 channels but no luck. I also tried to send it RS485 data in various formats, baudrates, etc - nothing worked.<br /> <br /> I also tried to read the firmware of the main controller (atmega16) but its locked (as usual).<br /> <br /> So I deciced to go &quot;my firmware&quot; way...<br /> <br /> = Make our own firmware =<br /> To be able to make our own firmware we need to know how this works - so I spent couple of hours reverse engineering the control board so we have the schematic <br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_schematic.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED &amp; driver layout]]<br /> <br /> Then I used money of the US tax payers (free chatgpt AI) to make the firmware for atmega16 in arduino with the MightyCore atmega16 support. I told him where and how are the shift registers and row decoders connected, his first task was just to display &quot;base48&quot; text... He did it... Then I asked him to add very simple serial protocol that whill wait for device address and then starts to receive graphics data column by column... And that worked too. <br /> <br /> After some polishing here is the firmware that:<br /> * on power up it reads device address from EEPROM address 0<br /> * shows the device address for 3 seconds on the screen<br /> * then screen is cleared and it waits for serial data (115200, 8N1)<br /> * it ignores all data until device address is received<br /> * after it receives its address, it starts to receive graphics data and resets the column counter<br /> * because each colum of display consists of 7 LEDs, I decided that all bytes with 0 in the most significant bit (0x0-0x7F) will represent graphics data (simply each bit corresponds to LED in the column) and all with 1 in this bit (0x80-0xFF) will represent device address<br /> * therefore the device address needs to be in 0x80-0xFF range, this way we can handle up to 128 devices on the same bus<br /> * after each received graphics byte column counter is incremented<br /> * therefore if the device address its for example 0x80, you need to send 0x80, 0x7F, 0x7F, ... and 28 more 0x7Fs to make all LEDs on the panel lid up<br /> * the device ignores all bytes &gt;=0x80 if they are not its device address<br /> * the device ignores all graphics data if end of display was reached (means all 30 columns received) until it receives its address again<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;arduino&quot;&gt;<br /> #include &lt;SPI.h&gt;<br /> #include &lt;EEPROM.h&gt;<br /> <br /> // device address is stored in eeprom on address 0 and should be &gt;=0x80<br /> // to change it run &quot;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&quot; and replace 0x80 with your address<br /> <br /> // graphics data = all bytes from serial &lt; 0x80 (as we have only 7 LEDs)<br /> // when device address is received on serial = start receiving graphics data to display buffer<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Konfigurace pinů – ATmega16, MightyCore std pipnout<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t PIN_LATCH = 21; // PC5<br /> const uint8_t PIN_OE = 20; // PC4<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S0 = 16; // PC0<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S1 = 17; // PC1<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S2 = 18; // PC2<br /> const uint8_t PIN_EN = 19; // PC3<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SPI_SPEED = 16000000; //drivery by mely fungovat do 20MHz<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Parametry displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t WIDTH = 30;<br /> const uint8_t HEIGHT = 7;<br /> <br /> const uint32_t ROW_TIME_US = 1000;<br /> <br /> const uint8_t DECODER_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t DECODER_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Sériová komunikace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SERIAL_BAUD = 115200;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Obrazová paměť<br /> //<br /> // buffer[row][column]<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> bool buffer[HEIGHT][WIDTH];<br /> <br /> // Index následujícího zapisovaného sloupce.<br /> // WIDTH znamená, že je buffer plný.<br /> <br /> uint8_t writeColumn = 0;<br /> <br /> uint8_t devAddr = 80;<br /> uint32_t startupDisplayTime = 0;<br /> bool startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Font 3x5 pro úvodní zobrazení adresy<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> // Každý znak má 3 sloupce, každý sloupec obsahuje 5 bitů.<br /> // Bit 0 = horní pixel.<br /> <br /> const uint8_t font3x5[][3] = {<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x1F}, // 0<br /> {0x00, 0x1F, 0x00}, // 1<br /> {0x1D, 0x15, 0x17}, // 2<br /> {0x15, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 3<br /> {0x07, 0x04, 0x1F}, // 4<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 5<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 6<br /> {0x01, 0x01, 0x1F}, // 7<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 8<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 9<br /> {0x1E, 0x05, 0x1E}, // A<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x0A}, // B<br /> {0x0E, 0x11, 0x11}, // C<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x0E}, // D<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x11}, // E<br /> {0x1F, 0x05, 0x01}, // F<br /> {0x14, 0x08, 0x14} // x<br /> };<br /> <br /> // Vymazání obrazového bufferu.<br /> void clearBuffer() {<br /> memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Vykreslení jednoho znaku 3x5.<br /> void drawChar(uint8_t index, uint8_t x, uint8_t y) {<br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++) {<br /> uint8_t bits = font3x5[index][col];<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++) {<br /> if (x + col &lt; WIDTH &amp;&amp; y + row &lt; HEIGHT) {<br /> buffer[y + row][x + col] = (bits &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zobrazení adresy, například 0x83.<br /> void showDeviceAddress() {<br /> clearBuffer();<br /> <br /> char text[5];<br /> snprintf(text, sizeof(text), &quot;%02X&quot;, devAddr);<br /> <br /> // Text tvoří 0, x a dvě hexadecimální číslice.<br /> // Šířka: 4 znaky * 3 pixely + 3 mezery = 15 pixelů.<br /> // Začátek je vypočítán pro vodorovné vycentrování.<br /> uint8_t x = (WIDTH - 15) / 2;<br /> uint8_t y = (HEIGHT - 5) / 2;<br /> <br /> drawChar(0, x, y); // 0<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> drawChar(16, x, y); // x<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t i = 0; i &lt; 2; i++) {<br /> char c = text[i];<br /> <br /> uint8_t index;<br /> if (c &gt;= '0' &amp;&amp; c &lt;= '9') {<br /> index = c - '0';<br /> } else {<br /> index = c - 'A' + 10;<br /> }<br /> <br /> drawChar(index, x, y);<br /> x += 4;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Příjem dat ze sériového portu<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void processSerial() {<br /> <br /> while (Serial.available() &gt; 0) {<br /> <br /> uint8_t data = Serial.read();<br /> <br /> // Bajty s nejvyšším bitem 1 jsou příkazy.<br /> if (data &amp; 0x80) {<br /> <br /> // Jediný podporovaný příkaz: reset adresy zápisu pokud je prijat devAddr.<br /> if (data == devAddr) {<br /> writeColumn = 0;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Ostatní ignorovat<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Pokud je buffer plný, další data ignorovat.<br /> if (writeColumn &gt;= WIDTH) {<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zapsat všech 7 bitů do aktuálního sloupce.<br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; HEIGHT; row++) {<br /> <br /> buffer[row][writeColumn] = (data &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Připravit následující sloupec.<br /> writeColumn++;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Výběr řádku přes 74LS138<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void selectRow(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, (row &amp; 0x01) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, (row &amp; 0x02) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, (row &amp; 0x04) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Zápis sloupců do dvou A6276E<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void writeColumns(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> uint32_t word = 0;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; WIDTH; col++) {<br /> <br /> if (buffer[row][col]) {<br /> word |= (1UL &lt;&lt; col);<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, LOW);<br /> <br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 24) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer(word &amp; 0xFF);<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Multiplexní obsluha displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> uint8_t currentRow = 0;<br /> uint32_t lastRowChange = 0;<br /> <br /> void refreshDisplay() {<br /> <br /> uint32_t now = micros();<br /> <br /> if ((uint32_t)(now - lastRowChange) &lt; ROW_TIME_US) {<br /> return;<br /> }<br /> <br /> lastRowChange = now;<br /> <br /> // 1. Zhasnout výstupy během změny řádku.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 2. Zakázat dekodér.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 3. Zapsat data pro aktuální řádek.<br /> writeColumns(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 4. Vybrat řádek.<br /> selectRow(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 5. Povolit řádek.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 6. Povolit výstupy LED driverů.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 7. Připravit následující řádek.<br /> currentRow++;<br /> <br /> if (currentRow &gt;= HEIGHT) {<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Inicializace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void setup() {<br /> // Sériová komunikace 115200 baud.<br /> Serial.begin(SERIAL_BAUD);<br /> <br /> // SPI pro LED drivery.<br /> SPI.begin();<br /> <br /> SPI.beginTransaction(<br /> SPISettings(SPI_SPEED, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0)<br /> );<br /> <br /> // Konfigurace pinů.<br /> pinMode(PIN_LATCH, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_OE, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S0, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S1, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S2, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_EN, OUTPUT);<br /> <br /> // Displej při inicializaci zhasnout.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, LOW);<br /> <br /> // buffer pointer je po resetu nastaven na WIDTH aby se ignorovala data dokud nedojde odpovidajici devaddr<br /> writeColumn = WIDTH;<br /> <br /> // Okamžitá první obnova displeje.<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> lastRowChange = micros() - ROW_TIME_US;<br /> <br /> // Adresa zarizeni z EEPROM z adresy 0<br /> devAddr = EEPROM.read(0) | 0x80; //nacist adresu z eeprom a ujistit se ze bude &gt;=0x80<br /> <br /> showDeviceAddress();<br /> <br /> startupDisplayTime = millis();<br /> startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Hlavní smyčka<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void loop() {<br /> <br /> if (!startupDisplayActive) {<br /> processSerial();<br /> } else if ((uint32_t)(millis() - startupDisplayTime) &gt;= 3000) {<br /> // Po 3 sekundách odstranit uvidni screen s adresou a zacit prijimat data<br /> startupDisplayActive = false;<br /> clearBuffer(); <br /> }<br /> <br /> // obnovovat displej<br /> refreshDisplay();<br /> }<br /> <br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> You need MightyCore https://github.com/MCUdude/Mightycore in your arduino to be able to compile it, and here is the arduino configuration<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_arduino_cfg.png]]<br /> <br /> Also here is the compiled firmware in .hex (sorry wiki does not let me to upload it as file)...<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;hexdump&quot;&gt;<br /> :100000000C9465000C948D000C948D000C948D0064<br /> :100010000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D002C<br /> :100020000C948D000C94A9020C948D000C94770212<br /> :100030000C9451020C948D000C948D000C948D0046<br /> :100040000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D00FC<br /> :100050000C948D0000000002000000000000000071<br /> :100060000504000700000000000000000000000080<br /> :100070000000000000003B003800350032000000A6<br /> :100080003A0037003400310002020202020202028A<br /> :100090000404040404040404030303030303030328<br /> :1000A0000101010101010101010204081020408049<br /> :1000B0000102040810204080010204081020408042<br /> :1000C0000102040810204080FB0411241FBECFE56C<br /> :1000D000D4E0DEBFCDBF10E0A0E6B0E0E6E3F0E1A3<br /> :1000E00002C005900D92AC3AB107D9F722E0ACEA14<br /> :1000F000B0E001C01D92AF32B207E1F710E0C5E6F3<br /> :10010000D0E004C02197FE010E94E307C436D10766<br /> :10011000C9F70E94F3020C9419080C940000CF93C5<br /> :10012000DF9323E0829FC001112430E020E070E0E3<br /> :10013000635A7E4FF901E80FF91FEC58FF4FC08159<br /> :10014000FB01E20FF31F50E040E0D0E0DE01042E9F<br /> :1001500002C0B595A7950A94E2F7A170A68F4F5FEC<br /> :100160005F4F7E964530510589F72F5F3F4F233013<br /> :10017000310501F7DF91CF91089590E0FC01E8553A<br /> :10018000FF4F249188579F4FFC018491882399F059<br /> :1001900090E0880F991FFC01E258FF4FA591B491A0<br /> :1001A000FC01EC58FF4F859194918FB7F894EC9136<br /> :1001B000E22BEC938FBF0895AF92BF92CF92DF9264<br /> :1001C000EF92FF920F931F93CF93DF936C017B010C<br /> 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cheap USBasp to do that.<br /> <br /> !!! THE ISP HEADER USE NON-STANDARD PINOUT - DO NOT PLUG STANDARD USBASP CABLE, YOU NEED TO PIN THESE ACCORDING TO SCHEMATIC OTHERWISE USBASP POWER WILL BE SHORTED !!!<br /> <br /> * install avrdude<br /> * connect USBasp and panel power supply<br /> * verify that you can communicate with the atmega over USBasp &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16&lt;/code&gt; that should say &quot;device signature = 0x1e9403 (probably m16)&quot;<br /> * erase the locked atmega16 using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -e&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the fuses (16MHz xtal, 4V BOD, jtag off, preserved EEPROM on chip erase, ISP allowed) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U lfuse:w:0x3f:m -U hfuse:w:0xc7:m&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the device address (needs to be in range 0x80-0xFF) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&lt;/code&gt; replace 0x80 with desired address<br /> * write and verify the firmware using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U flash:w:firmware.hex:i&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * done<br /> * ... the address could be changed using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&lt;/code&gt; in the future without the need of reflashing the main FW again<br /> <br /> == Show something on the screen ==<br /> Here are some bash examples (to be easy to understand) how to display something on the screen.<br /> <br /> You need RS485 adapter to send data from computer to the module. Alternatively (for testing purposes with short cables) you can use cheap USB-to-Serial adapter connected this way:<br /> * GND from USB-to-Serial to pin 1 on XLR<br /> * TxD from USB-to-Serial to pin 3 on XLR<br /> * put two same resistors (about 1k - 5K) in series, connect one end to Vcc+ (from USB-to-Serial), the other to GND, and the middle of them to pin 2 on XLR<br /> * this way it will work with the differencial bus, but the range (lenght of the cable) and intereference immunity will be significantly reduced<br /> <br /> === This example shows the &quot;base48&quot; text on screen with address 0x80 ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|base48 rulezz]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu: 115200 baud, 8N1<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Odeslat příkaz 0x80 a grafická data.<br /> # Každý znak má 4 sloupce, mezi znaky je jeden prázdný sloupec.<br /> # Bit 0 = horní LED, bit 6 = spodní LED.<br /> <br /> printf '\x80\x7F\x48\x48\x30\x00\x20\x54\x54\x78\x00\x48\x54\x54\x20\x00\x38\x54\x54\x18\x00\x18\x14\x12\x7F\x00\x36\x49\x49\x36\x00' &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> === This example shows simple clock on screen with address 0x80 ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_clock.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED panel 30x7 showing clock]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Font číslic 3x5<br /> declare -a FONT=(<br /> &quot;111 101 101 101 111&quot; # 0<br /> &quot;010 110 010 010 111&quot; # 1<br /> &quot;111 001 111 100 111&quot; # 2<br /> &quot;111 001 111 001 111&quot; # 3<br /> &quot;101 101 111 001 001&quot; # 4<br /> &quot;111 100 111 001 111&quot; # 5<br /> &quot;111 100 111 101 111&quot; # 6<br /> &quot;111 001 010 010 010&quot; # 7<br /> &quot;111 101 111 101 111&quot; # 8<br /> &quot;111 101 111 001 111&quot; # 9<br /> )<br /> <br /> # Vykreslení číslice do sloupcového bufferu.<br /> # Číslice má šířku 3 a výšku 5 LED.<br /> # Začíná na řádku 1, takže je na displeji vystředěná.<br /> <br /> draw_digit() {<br /> local digit=$1<br /> local x=$2<br /> local row col bits<br /> local -a rows<br /> <br /> read -ra rows &lt;&lt;&lt; &quot;${FONT[$digit]}&quot;<br /> <br /> for ((row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++)); do<br /> for ((col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++)); do<br /> if [[ ${rows[$row]:$col:1} == 1 ]]; then<br /> ((bits = 1 &lt;&lt; (row + 1)))<br /> ((columns[x + col] |= bits))<br /> fi<br /> done<br /> done<br /> }<br /> <br /> # Nekonečná smyčka hodin<br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # Získat aktuální čas počítače<br /> time=$(date '+%H%M%S')<br /> <br /> # Vymazat obrazový buffer<br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> columns[i]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Rozložení HH:MM:SS<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:0:1}&quot; 2<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:1:1}&quot; 6<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[10] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:2:1}&quot; 12<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:3:1}&quot; 16<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[20] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:4:1}&quot; 22<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:5:1}&quot; 26<br /> # Sestavit příkaz 0x83 a všech 30 sloupců.<br /> # Data jsou zatím reprezentována jako escape sekvence,<br /> # aby fungovaly i bajty s hodnotou 0x00.<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[i]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Odeslat celý obraz jedním printf<br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> # Aktualizace přibližně jednou za sekundu<br /> sleep 1<br /> <br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> === Here is a simple pong game for two players controlled with keys Q, A, P, L ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_pong.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|pong game on LED panel 30x7]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> WIDTH=30<br /> HEIGHT=7<br /> DELAY=0.05<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Uložení nastavení terminálu a povolení čtení kláves bez Enteru<br /> OLD_STTY=$(stty -g) || exit 1<br /> restore_terminal() {<br /> stty &quot;$OLD_STTY&quot;<br /> }<br /> trap restore_terminal EXIT INT TERM<br /> <br /> stty -echo -icanon min 0 time 0<br /> <br /> # Počáteční pozice pálek<br /> left_paddle=3<br /> right_paddle=3<br /> <br /> # Inicializace hry<br /> new_game() {<br /> ball_x=15<br /> ball_y=3<br /> <br /> # Náhodný směr míčku<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vx=1<br /> else<br /> vx=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> }<br /> <br /> new_game<br /> <br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Čtení kláves<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> while IFS= read -r -s -n 1 -t 0.001 key; do<br /> case &quot;$key&quot; in<br /> q|Q)<br /> ((left_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> a|A)<br /> ((left_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> p|P)<br /> ((right_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> l|L)<br /> ((right_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> $'\003')<br /> exit 0<br /> ;;<br /> esac<br /> done<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Výpočet nové pozice míčku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> next_x=$((ball_x + vx))<br /> next_y=$((ball_y + vy))<br /> <br /> # Odraz od horní a dolní hrany<br /> if ((next_y &lt; 0)); then<br /> next_y=1<br /> vy=1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt;= HEIGHT)); then<br /> next_y=$((HEIGHT - 2))<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Levá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &lt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &lt;= 0)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= left_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= left_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl levou pálku<br /> next_x=1<br /> vx=1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> # Zásah doprostřed: náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí levé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &gt;= WIDTH - 1)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= right_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= right_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl pravou pálku<br /> next_x=$((WIDTH - 2))<br /> vx=-1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí pravé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Uložení pozice míčku<br /> ball_x=$next_x<br /> ball_y=$next_y<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Vykreslení snímku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> columns[x]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Levá pálka<br /> for ((y = left_paddle - 1; y &lt;= left_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[0] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> for ((y = right_paddle - 1; y &lt;= right_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[WIDTH - 1] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Míček<br /> ((columns[ball_x] |= 1 &lt;&lt; ball_y))<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Odeslání snímku displeji<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[x]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> sleep &quot;$DELAY&quot;<br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> Stay 420, have fun!</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=LED_Panel_30x7&diff=5728 LED Panel 30x7 2026-10-29T01:29:18Z <p>Buger: added info how to connect serial adapter to be able to send data from computer</p> <hr /> <div>{{Project<br /> |name=LED Panel 30x7<br /> |image=LED_panel_30x7.jpg<br /> |founder=Buger<br /> |status=active<br /> |tags=hw<br /> |shortdesc=LED Panels 30x7 - make them working<br /> |created=2026-28-10<br /> }}<br /> = What is this about =<br /> This project is about to make these LED panels working. We got them for free including power supplies and some cables, however the communication protocol is unknown. <br /> <br /> To be able to use them we need to find out the protocol, or make our own firmware.<br /> <br /> = Hack the protocol! =<br /> The device is equipped with pair of XLR connectors connected in parallel suggesting use of DMX or RS485 protocol with daisy-chaining in mind, also the vendor (https://www.srs-group.com) is making a lot of DMX stuff, however I tried to send it DMX data on all 512 channels but no luck. I also tried to send it RS485 data in various formats, baudrates, etc - nothing worked.<br /> <br /> I also tried to read the firmware of the main controller (atmega16) but its locked (as usual).<br /> <br /> So I deciced to go &quot;my firmware&quot; way...<br /> <br /> = Make our own firmware =<br /> To be able to make our own firmware we need to know how this works - so I spent couple of hours reverse engineering the control board so we have the schematic <br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_schematic.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED &amp; driver layout]]<br /> <br /> Then I used money of the US tax payers (free chatgpt AI) to make the firmware for atmega16 in arduino with the MightyCore atmega16 support. I told him where and how are the shift registers and row decoders connected, his first task was just to display &quot;base48&quot; text... He did it... Then I asked him to add very simple serial protocol that whill wait for device address and then starts to receive graphics data column by column... And that worked too. <br /> <br /> After some polishing here is the firmware that:<br /> * on power up it reads device address from EEPROM address 0<br /> * shows the device address for 3 seconds on the screen<br /> * then screen is cleared and it waits for serial data (115200, 8N1)<br /> * it ignores all data until device address is received<br /> * after it receives its address, it starts to receive graphics data and resets the column counter<br /> * because each colum of display consists of 7 LEDs, I decided that all bytes with 0 in the most significant bit (0x0-0x7F) will represent graphics data (simply each bit corresponds to LED in the column) and all with 1 in this bit (0x80-0xFF) will represent device address<br /> * therefore the device address needs to be in 0x80-0xFF range, this way we can handle up to 128 devices on the same bus<br /> * after each received graphics byte column counter is incremented<br /> * therefore if the device address its for example 0x80, you need to send 0x80, 0x7F, 0x7F, ... and 28 more 0x7Fs to make all LEDs on the panel lid up<br /> * the device ignores all bytes &gt;=0x80 if they are not its device address<br /> * the device ignores all graphics data if end of display was reached (means all 30 columns received) until it receives its address again<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;arduino&quot;&gt;<br /> #include &lt;SPI.h&gt;<br /> #include &lt;EEPROM.h&gt;<br /> <br /> // device address is stored in eeprom on address 0 and should be &gt;=0x80<br /> // to change it run &quot;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&quot; and replace 0x80 with your address<br /> <br /> // graphics data = all bytes from serial &lt; 0x80 (as we have only 7 LEDs)<br /> // when device address is received on serial = start receiving graphics data to display buffer<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Konfigurace pinů – ATmega16, MightyCore std pipnout<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t PIN_LATCH = 21; // PC5<br /> const uint8_t PIN_OE = 20; // PC4<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S0 = 16; // PC0<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S1 = 17; // PC1<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S2 = 18; // PC2<br /> const uint8_t PIN_EN = 19; // PC3<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SPI_SPEED = 16000000; //drivery by mely fungovat do 20MHz<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Parametry displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t WIDTH = 30;<br /> const uint8_t HEIGHT = 7;<br /> <br /> const uint32_t ROW_TIME_US = 1000;<br /> <br /> const uint8_t DECODER_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t DECODER_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Sériová komunikace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SERIAL_BAUD = 115200;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Obrazová paměť<br /> //<br /> // buffer[row][column]<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> bool buffer[HEIGHT][WIDTH];<br /> <br /> // Index následujícího zapisovaného sloupce.<br /> // WIDTH znamená, že je buffer plný.<br /> <br /> uint8_t writeColumn = 0;<br /> <br /> uint8_t devAddr = 80;<br /> uint32_t startupDisplayTime = 0;<br /> bool startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Font 3x5 pro úvodní zobrazení adresy<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> // Každý znak má 3 sloupce, každý sloupec obsahuje 5 bitů.<br /> // Bit 0 = horní pixel.<br /> <br /> const uint8_t font3x5[][3] = {<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x1F}, // 0<br /> {0x00, 0x1F, 0x00}, // 1<br /> {0x1D, 0x15, 0x17}, // 2<br /> {0x15, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 3<br /> {0x07, 0x04, 0x1F}, // 4<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 5<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 6<br /> {0x01, 0x01, 0x1F}, // 7<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 8<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 9<br /> {0x1E, 0x05, 0x1E}, // A<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x0A}, // B<br /> {0x0E, 0x11, 0x11}, // C<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x0E}, // D<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x11}, // E<br /> {0x1F, 0x05, 0x01}, // F<br /> {0x14, 0x08, 0x14} // x<br /> };<br /> <br /> // Vymazání obrazového bufferu.<br /> void clearBuffer() {<br /> memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Vykreslení jednoho znaku 3x5.<br /> void drawChar(uint8_t index, uint8_t x, uint8_t y) {<br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++) {<br /> uint8_t bits = font3x5[index][col];<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++) {<br /> if (x + col &lt; WIDTH &amp;&amp; y + row &lt; HEIGHT) {<br /> buffer[y + row][x + col] = (bits &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zobrazení adresy, například 0x83.<br /> void showDeviceAddress() {<br /> clearBuffer();<br /> <br /> char text[5];<br /> snprintf(text, sizeof(text), &quot;%02X&quot;, devAddr);<br /> <br /> // Text tvoří 0, x a dvě hexadecimální číslice.<br /> // Šířka: 4 znaky * 3 pixely + 3 mezery = 15 pixelů.<br /> // Začátek je vypočítán pro vodorovné vycentrování.<br /> uint8_t x = (WIDTH - 15) / 2;<br /> uint8_t y = (HEIGHT - 5) / 2;<br /> <br /> drawChar(0, x, y); // 0<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> drawChar(16, x, y); // x<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t i = 0; i &lt; 2; i++) {<br /> char c = text[i];<br /> <br /> uint8_t index;<br /> if (c &gt;= '0' &amp;&amp; c &lt;= '9') {<br /> index = c - '0';<br /> } else {<br /> index = c - 'A' + 10;<br /> }<br /> <br /> drawChar(index, x, y);<br /> x += 4;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Příjem dat ze sériového portu<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void processSerial() {<br /> <br /> while (Serial.available() &gt; 0) {<br /> <br /> uint8_t data = Serial.read();<br /> <br /> // Bajty s nejvyšším bitem 1 jsou příkazy.<br /> if (data &amp; 0x80) {<br /> <br /> // Jediný podporovaný příkaz: reset adresy zápisu pokud je prijat devAddr.<br /> if (data == devAddr) {<br /> writeColumn = 0;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Ostatní ignorovat<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Pokud je buffer plný, další data ignorovat.<br /> if (writeColumn &gt;= WIDTH) {<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zapsat všech 7 bitů do aktuálního sloupce.<br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; HEIGHT; row++) {<br /> <br /> buffer[row][writeColumn] = (data &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Připravit následující sloupec.<br /> writeColumn++;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Výběr řádku přes 74LS138<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void selectRow(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, (row &amp; 0x01) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, (row &amp; 0x02) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, (row &amp; 0x04) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Zápis sloupců do dvou A6276E<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void writeColumns(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> uint32_t word = 0;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; WIDTH; col++) {<br /> <br /> if (buffer[row][col]) {<br /> word |= (1UL &lt;&lt; col);<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, LOW);<br /> <br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 24) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer(word &amp; 0xFF);<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Multiplexní obsluha displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> uint8_t currentRow = 0;<br /> uint32_t lastRowChange = 0;<br /> <br /> void refreshDisplay() {<br /> <br /> uint32_t now = micros();<br /> <br /> if ((uint32_t)(now - lastRowChange) &lt; ROW_TIME_US) {<br /> return;<br /> }<br /> <br /> lastRowChange = now;<br /> <br /> // 1. Zhasnout výstupy během změny řádku.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 2. Zakázat dekodér.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 3. Zapsat data pro aktuální řádek.<br /> writeColumns(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 4. Vybrat řádek.<br /> selectRow(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 5. Povolit řádek.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 6. Povolit výstupy LED driverů.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 7. Připravit následující řádek.<br /> currentRow++;<br /> <br /> if (currentRow &gt;= HEIGHT) {<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Inicializace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void setup() {<br /> // Sériová komunikace 115200 baud.<br /> Serial.begin(SERIAL_BAUD);<br /> <br /> // SPI pro LED drivery.<br /> SPI.begin();<br /> <br /> SPI.beginTransaction(<br /> SPISettings(SPI_SPEED, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0)<br /> );<br /> <br /> // Konfigurace pinů.<br /> pinMode(PIN_LATCH, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_OE, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S0, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S1, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S2, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_EN, OUTPUT);<br /> <br /> // Displej při inicializaci zhasnout.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, LOW);<br /> <br /> // buffer pointer je po resetu nastaven na WIDTH aby se ignorovala data dokud nedojde odpovidajici devaddr<br /> writeColumn = WIDTH;<br /> <br /> // Okamžitá první obnova displeje.<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> lastRowChange = micros() - ROW_TIME_US;<br /> <br /> // Adresa zarizeni z EEPROM z adresy 0<br /> devAddr = EEPROM.read(0) | 0x80; //nacist adresu z eeprom a ujistit se ze bude &gt;=0x80<br /> <br /> showDeviceAddress();<br /> <br /> startupDisplayTime = millis();<br /> startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Hlavní smyčka<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void loop() {<br /> <br /> if (!startupDisplayActive) {<br /> processSerial();<br /> } else if ((uint32_t)(millis() - startupDisplayTime) &gt;= 3000) {<br /> // Po 3 sekundách odstranit uvidni screen s adresou a zacit prijimat data<br /> startupDisplayActive = false;<br /> clearBuffer(); <br /> }<br /> <br /> // obnovovat displej<br /> refreshDisplay();<br /> }<br /> <br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> You need MightyCore in your arduino https://github.com/MCUdude/Mightycore and here is the arduino configuration<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_arduino_cfg.png]]<br /> <br /> Also here is the compiled firmware in .hex (sorry wiki does not let me to upload it as file)...<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;hexdump&quot;&gt;<br /> :100000000C9465000C948D000C948D000C948D0064<br /> :100010000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D002C<br /> :100020000C948D000C94A9020C948D000C94770212<br /> :100030000C9451020C948D000C948D000C948D0046<br /> :100040000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D00FC<br /> :100050000C948D0000000002000000000000000071<br /> :100060000504000700000000000000000000000080<br /> :100070000000000000003B003800350032000000A6<br /> :100080003A0037003400310002020202020202028A<br /> :100090000404040404040404030303030303030328<br /> 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:100E600039073CF4E881F981CF01019699838883A1<br /> :100E700010838E819F8101969F838E83E3CFE885C7<br /> :100E8000F985812F0995892BA1F3DACFFA01AA27D9<br /> :100E9000283051F1203181F1E8946F936E7F6E5FBD<br /> :100EA0007F4F8F4F9F4FAF4FB1E03ED0B4E03CD06B<br /> :100EB000670F781F891F9A1FA11D680F791F8A1F4E<br /> :100EC000911DA11D6A0F711D811D911DA11D20D0B5<br /> :100ED00009F468943F912AE0269F11243019305D6F<br /> :100EE0003193DEF6CF010895462F4770405D419360<br /> :100EF000B3E00FD0C9F7F6CF462F4F70405D4A33AD<br /> :100F000018F0495D31FD4052419302D0A9F7EACF74<br /> :100F1000B4E0A6959795879577956795BA95C9F7A3<br /> :100F200000976105710508959B01AC010A2E069496<br /> :100F30005795479537952795BA95C9F7620F731F4F<br /> :100F4000841F951FA01D0895E199FECF9FBB8EBB06<br /> :100F5000E09A99278DB308952F923F924F925F9216<br /> :100F60006F927F928F929F92AF92BF92CF92DF92B9<br /> :100F7000EF92FF920F931F93CF93DF93CDB7DEB71E<br /> :100F8000CA1BDB0B0FB6F894DEBF0FBECDBF0994B2<br /> :100F90002A88398848885F846E847D848C849B8409<br /> :100FA000AA84B984C884DF80EE80FD800C811B8117<br /> :100FB000AA81B981CE0FD11D0FB6F894DEBF0FBE46<br /> :100FC000CDBFED010895EE0FFF1F0590F491E02DC8<br /> :100FD0000994AEE0B0E0EFEEF7E00C94BA070D89AB<br /> :100FE0001E898F89988D26E02C831A83098397FFA9<br /> :100FF00002C080E090E801979E838D83AE01455E3C<br /> :101000005F4F698D7A8DCE0101960E9426054D8134<br /> :101010005E8157FD0AC02F813885421753070CF4B3<br /> :101020009A01020F131FF80110822E96E4E00C942F<br /> :06103000D607F894FFCF83<br /> :101036005001000000007B01DC000901C7013A01F4<br /> :1010460018012C011F111F001F001D151715151F54<br /> :1010560007041F17151D1F151D01011F1F151F173B<br /> :10106600151F1E051E1F150A0E11111F110E1F1525<br /> :0C107600111F0501140814253032580029<br /> :00000001FF<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> == Flash the FW into the panel ==<br /> You need programmer able to program atmega16 MCUs in DIP40 packages, luckily there is ISP header on the control borad, so I used cheap USBasp to do that.<br /> <br /> !!! THE ISP HEADER USE NON-STANDARD PINOUT - DO NOT PLUG STANDARD USBASP CABLE, YOU NEED TO PIN THESE ACCORDING TO SCHEMATIC OTHERWISE USBASP POWER WILL BE SHORTED !!!<br /> <br /> * install avrdude<br /> * connect USBasp and panel power supply<br /> * verify that you can communicate with the atmega over USBasp &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16&lt;/code&gt; that should say &quot;device signature = 0x1e9403 (probably m16)&quot;<br /> * erase the locked atmega16 using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -e&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the fuses (16MHz xtal, 4V BOD, jtag off, preserved EEPROM on chip erase, ISP allowed) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U lfuse:w:0x3f:m -U hfuse:w:0xc7:m&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the device address (needs to be in range 0x80-0xFF) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&lt;/code&gt; replace 0x80 with desired address<br /> * write and verify the firmware using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U flash:w:firmware.hex:i&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * done<br /> * ... the address could be changed using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&lt;/code&gt; in the future without the need of reflashing the main FW again<br /> <br /> == Show something on the screen ==<br /> Here are some bash examples (to be easy to understand) how to display something on the screen.<br /> <br /> You need RS485 adapter to send data from computer to the module. Alternatively (for testing purposes with short cables) you can use cheap USB-to-Serial adapter connected this way:<br /> * GND from USB-to-Serial to pin 1 on XLR<br /> * TxD from USB-to-Serial to pin 3 on XLR<br /> * put two same resistors (about 1k - 5K) in series, connect one end to Vcc+ (from USB-to-Serial), the other to GND, and the middle of them to pin 2 on XLR<br /> * this way it will work with the differencial bus, but the range (lenght of the cable) and intereference immunity will be significantly reduced<br /> <br /> === This example shows the &quot;base48&quot; text on screen with address 0x80 ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|base48 rulezz]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu: 115200 baud, 8N1<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Odeslat příkaz 0x80 a grafická data.<br /> # Každý znak má 4 sloupce, mezi znaky je jeden prázdný sloupec.<br /> # Bit 0 = horní LED, bit 6 = spodní LED.<br /> <br /> printf '\x80\x7F\x48\x48\x30\x00\x20\x54\x54\x78\x00\x48\x54\x54\x20\x00\x38\x54\x54\x18\x00\x18\x14\x12\x7F\x00\x36\x49\x49\x36\x00' &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> === This example shows simple clock on screen with address 0x80 ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_clock.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED panel 30x7 showing clock]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Font číslic 3x5<br /> declare -a FONT=(<br /> &quot;111 101 101 101 111&quot; # 0<br /> &quot;010 110 010 010 111&quot; # 1<br /> &quot;111 001 111 100 111&quot; # 2<br /> &quot;111 001 111 001 111&quot; # 3<br /> &quot;101 101 111 001 001&quot; # 4<br /> &quot;111 100 111 001 111&quot; # 5<br /> &quot;111 100 111 101 111&quot; # 6<br /> &quot;111 001 010 010 010&quot; # 7<br /> &quot;111 101 111 101 111&quot; # 8<br /> &quot;111 101 111 001 111&quot; # 9<br /> )<br /> <br /> # Vykreslení číslice do sloupcového bufferu.<br /> # Číslice má šířku 3 a výšku 5 LED.<br /> # Začíná na řádku 1, takže je na displeji vystředěná.<br /> <br /> draw_digit() {<br /> local digit=$1<br /> local x=$2<br /> local row col bits<br /> local -a rows<br /> <br /> read -ra rows &lt;&lt;&lt; &quot;${FONT[$digit]}&quot;<br /> <br /> for ((row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++)); do<br /> for ((col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++)); do<br /> if [[ ${rows[$row]:$col:1} == 1 ]]; then<br /> ((bits = 1 &lt;&lt; (row + 1)))<br /> ((columns[x + col] |= bits))<br /> fi<br /> done<br /> done<br /> }<br /> <br /> # Nekonečná smyčka hodin<br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # Získat aktuální čas počítače<br /> time=$(date '+%H%M%S')<br /> <br /> # Vymazat obrazový buffer<br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> columns[i]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Rozložení HH:MM:SS<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:0:1}&quot; 2<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:1:1}&quot; 6<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[10] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:2:1}&quot; 12<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:3:1}&quot; 16<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[20] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:4:1}&quot; 22<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:5:1}&quot; 26<br /> # Sestavit příkaz 0x83 a všech 30 sloupců.<br /> # Data jsou zatím reprezentována jako escape sekvence,<br /> # aby fungovaly i bajty s hodnotou 0x00.<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[i]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Odeslat celý obraz jedním printf<br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> # Aktualizace přibližně jednou za sekundu<br /> sleep 1<br /> <br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> === Here is a simple pong game for two players controlled with keys Q, A, P, L ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_pong.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|pong game on LED panel 30x7]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> WIDTH=30<br /> HEIGHT=7<br /> DELAY=0.05<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Uložení nastavení terminálu a povolení čtení kláves bez Enteru<br /> OLD_STTY=$(stty -g) || exit 1<br /> restore_terminal() {<br /> stty &quot;$OLD_STTY&quot;<br /> }<br /> trap restore_terminal EXIT INT TERM<br /> <br /> stty -echo -icanon min 0 time 0<br /> <br /> # Počáteční pozice pálek<br /> left_paddle=3<br /> right_paddle=3<br /> <br /> # Inicializace hry<br /> new_game() {<br /> ball_x=15<br /> ball_y=3<br /> <br /> # Náhodný směr míčku<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vx=1<br /> else<br /> vx=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> }<br /> <br /> new_game<br /> <br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Čtení kláves<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> while IFS= read -r -s -n 1 -t 0.001 key; do<br /> case &quot;$key&quot; in<br /> q|Q)<br /> ((left_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> a|A)<br /> ((left_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> p|P)<br /> ((right_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> l|L)<br /> ((right_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> $'\003')<br /> exit 0<br /> ;;<br /> esac<br /> done<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Výpočet nové pozice míčku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> next_x=$((ball_x + vx))<br /> next_y=$((ball_y + vy))<br /> <br /> # Odraz od horní a dolní hrany<br /> if ((next_y &lt; 0)); then<br /> next_y=1<br /> vy=1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt;= HEIGHT)); then<br /> next_y=$((HEIGHT - 2))<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Levá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &lt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &lt;= 0)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= left_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= left_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl levou pálku<br /> next_x=1<br /> vx=1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> # Zásah doprostřed: náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí levé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &gt;= WIDTH - 1)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= right_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= right_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl pravou pálku<br /> next_x=$((WIDTH - 2))<br /> vx=-1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí pravé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Uložení pozice míčku<br /> ball_x=$next_x<br /> ball_y=$next_y<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Vykreslení snímku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> columns[x]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Levá pálka<br /> for ((y = left_paddle - 1; y &lt;= left_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[0] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> for ((y = right_paddle - 1; y &lt;= right_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[WIDTH - 1] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Míček<br /> ((columns[ball_x] |= 1 &lt;&lt; ball_y))<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Odeslání snímku displeji<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[x]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> sleep &quot;$DELAY&quot;<br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> Stay 420, have fun!</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=LED_Panel_30x7&diff=5727 LED Panel 30x7 2026-10-29T00:55:56Z <p>Buger: /* Flash the FW into the panel */</p> <hr /> <div>{{Project<br /> |name=LED Panel 30x7<br /> |image=LED_panel_30x7.jpg<br /> |founder=Buger<br /> |status=active<br /> |tags=hw<br /> |shortdesc=LED Panels 30x7 - make them working<br /> |created=2026-28-10<br /> }}<br /> = What is this about =<br /> This project is about to make these LED panels working. We got them for free including power supplies and some cables, however the communication protocol is unknown. <br /> <br /> To be able to use them we need to find out the protocol, or make our own firmware.<br /> <br /> = Hack the protocol! =<br /> The device is equipped with pair of XLR connectors connected in parallel suggesting use of DMX or RS485 protocol with daisy-chaining in mind, also the vendor (https://www.srs-group.com) is making a lot of DMX stuff, however I tried to send it DMX data on all 512 channels but no luck. I also tried to send it RS485 data in various formats, baudrates, etc - nothing worked.<br /> <br /> I also tried to read the firmware of the main controller (atmega16) but its locked (as usual).<br /> <br /> So I deciced to go &quot;my firmware&quot; way...<br /> <br /> = Make our own firmware =<br /> To be able to make our own firmware we need to know how this works - so I spent couple of hours reverse engineering the control board so we have the schematic <br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_schematic.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED &amp; driver layout]]<br /> <br /> Then I used money of the US tax payers (free chatgpt AI) to make the firmware for atmega16 in arduino with the MightyCore atmega16 support. I told him where and how are the shift registers and row decoders connected, his first task was just to display &quot;base48&quot; text... He did it... Then I asked him to add very simple serial protocol that whill wait for device address and then starts to receive graphics data column by column... And that worked too. <br /> <br /> After some polishing here is the firmware that:<br /> * on power up it reads device address from EEPROM address 0<br /> * shows the device address for 3 seconds on the screen<br /> * then screen is cleared and it waits for serial data (115200, 8N1)<br /> * it ignores all data until device address is received<br /> * after it receives its address, it starts to receive graphics data and resets the column counter<br /> * because each colum of display consists of 7 LEDs, I decided that all bytes with 0 in the most significant bit (0x0-0x7F) will represent graphics data (simply each bit corresponds to LED in the column) and all with 1 in this bit (0x80-0xFF) will represent device address<br /> * therefore the device address needs to be in 0x80-0xFF range, this way we can handle up to 128 devices on the same bus<br /> * after each received graphics byte column counter is incremented<br /> * therefore if the device address its for example 0x80, you need to send 0x80, 0x7F, 0x7F, ... and 28 more 0x7Fs to make all LEDs on the panel lid up<br /> * the device ignores all bytes &gt;=0x80 if they are not its device address<br /> * the device ignores all graphics data if end of display was reached (means all 30 columns received) until it receives its address again<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;arduino&quot;&gt;<br /> #include &lt;SPI.h&gt;<br /> #include &lt;EEPROM.h&gt;<br /> <br /> // device address is stored in eeprom on address 0 and should be &gt;=0x80<br /> // to change it run &quot;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&quot; and replace 0x80 with your address<br /> <br /> // graphics data = all bytes from serial &lt; 0x80 (as we have only 7 LEDs)<br /> // when device address is received on serial = start receiving graphics data to display buffer<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Konfigurace pinů – ATmega16, MightyCore std pipnout<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t PIN_LATCH = 21; // PC5<br /> const uint8_t PIN_OE = 20; // PC4<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S0 = 16; // PC0<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S1 = 17; // PC1<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S2 = 18; // PC2<br /> const uint8_t PIN_EN = 19; // PC3<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SPI_SPEED = 16000000; //drivery by mely fungovat do 20MHz<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Parametry displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t WIDTH = 30;<br /> const uint8_t HEIGHT = 7;<br /> <br /> const uint32_t ROW_TIME_US = 1000;<br /> <br /> const uint8_t DECODER_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t DECODER_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Sériová komunikace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SERIAL_BAUD = 115200;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Obrazová paměť<br /> //<br /> // buffer[row][column]<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> bool buffer[HEIGHT][WIDTH];<br /> <br /> // Index následujícího zapisovaného sloupce.<br /> // WIDTH znamená, že je buffer plný.<br /> <br /> uint8_t writeColumn = 0;<br /> <br /> uint8_t devAddr = 80;<br /> uint32_t startupDisplayTime = 0;<br /> bool startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Font 3x5 pro úvodní zobrazení adresy<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> // Každý znak má 3 sloupce, každý sloupec obsahuje 5 bitů.<br /> // Bit 0 = horní pixel.<br /> <br /> const uint8_t font3x5[][3] = {<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x1F}, // 0<br /> {0x00, 0x1F, 0x00}, // 1<br /> {0x1D, 0x15, 0x17}, // 2<br /> {0x15, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 3<br /> {0x07, 0x04, 0x1F}, // 4<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 5<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 6<br /> {0x01, 0x01, 0x1F}, // 7<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 8<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 9<br /> {0x1E, 0x05, 0x1E}, // A<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x0A}, // B<br /> {0x0E, 0x11, 0x11}, // C<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x0E}, // D<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x11}, // E<br /> {0x1F, 0x05, 0x01}, // F<br /> {0x14, 0x08, 0x14} // x<br /> };<br /> <br /> // Vymazání obrazového bufferu.<br /> void clearBuffer() {<br /> memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Vykreslení jednoho znaku 3x5.<br /> void drawChar(uint8_t index, uint8_t x, uint8_t y) {<br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++) {<br /> uint8_t bits = font3x5[index][col];<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++) {<br /> if (x + col &lt; WIDTH &amp;&amp; y + row &lt; HEIGHT) {<br /> buffer[y + row][x + col] = (bits &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zobrazení adresy, například 0x83.<br /> void showDeviceAddress() {<br /> clearBuffer();<br /> <br /> char text[5];<br /> snprintf(text, sizeof(text), &quot;%02X&quot;, devAddr);<br /> <br /> // Text tvoří 0, x a dvě hexadecimální číslice.<br /> // Šířka: 4 znaky * 3 pixely + 3 mezery = 15 pixelů.<br /> // Začátek je vypočítán pro vodorovné vycentrování.<br /> uint8_t x = (WIDTH - 15) / 2;<br /> uint8_t y = (HEIGHT - 5) / 2;<br /> <br /> drawChar(0, x, y); // 0<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> drawChar(16, x, y); // x<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t i = 0; i &lt; 2; i++) {<br /> char c = text[i];<br /> <br /> uint8_t index;<br /> if (c &gt;= '0' &amp;&amp; c &lt;= '9') {<br /> index = c - '0';<br /> } else {<br /> index = c - 'A' + 10;<br /> }<br /> <br /> drawChar(index, x, y);<br /> x += 4;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Příjem dat ze sériového portu<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void processSerial() {<br /> <br /> while (Serial.available() &gt; 0) {<br /> <br /> uint8_t data = Serial.read();<br /> <br /> // Bajty s nejvyšším bitem 1 jsou příkazy.<br /> if (data &amp; 0x80) {<br /> <br /> // Jediný podporovaný příkaz: reset adresy zápisu pokud je prijat devAddr.<br /> if (data == devAddr) {<br /> writeColumn = 0;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Ostatní ignorovat<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Pokud je buffer plný, další data ignorovat.<br /> if (writeColumn &gt;= WIDTH) {<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zapsat všech 7 bitů do aktuálního sloupce.<br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; HEIGHT; row++) {<br /> <br /> buffer[row][writeColumn] = (data &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Připravit následující sloupec.<br /> writeColumn++;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Výběr řádku přes 74LS138<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void selectRow(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, (row &amp; 0x01) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, (row &amp; 0x02) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, (row &amp; 0x04) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Zápis sloupců do dvou A6276E<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void writeColumns(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> uint32_t word = 0;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; WIDTH; col++) {<br /> <br /> if (buffer[row][col]) {<br /> word |= (1UL &lt;&lt; col);<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, LOW);<br /> <br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 24) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer(word &amp; 0xFF);<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Multiplexní obsluha displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> uint8_t currentRow = 0;<br /> uint32_t lastRowChange = 0;<br /> <br /> void refreshDisplay() {<br /> <br /> uint32_t now = micros();<br /> <br /> if ((uint32_t)(now - lastRowChange) &lt; ROW_TIME_US) {<br /> return;<br /> }<br /> <br /> lastRowChange = now;<br /> <br /> // 1. Zhasnout výstupy během změny řádku.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 2. Zakázat dekodér.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 3. Zapsat data pro aktuální řádek.<br /> writeColumns(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 4. Vybrat řádek.<br /> selectRow(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 5. Povolit řádek.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 6. Povolit výstupy LED driverů.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 7. Připravit následující řádek.<br /> currentRow++;<br /> <br /> if (currentRow &gt;= HEIGHT) {<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Inicializace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void setup() {<br /> // Sériová komunikace 115200 baud.<br /> Serial.begin(SERIAL_BAUD);<br /> <br /> // SPI pro LED drivery.<br /> SPI.begin();<br /> <br /> SPI.beginTransaction(<br /> SPISettings(SPI_SPEED, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0)<br /> );<br /> <br /> // Konfigurace pinů.<br /> pinMode(PIN_LATCH, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_OE, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S0, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S1, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S2, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_EN, OUTPUT);<br /> <br /> // Displej při inicializaci zhasnout.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, LOW);<br /> <br /> // buffer pointer je po resetu nastaven na WIDTH aby se ignorovala data dokud nedojde odpovidajici devaddr<br /> writeColumn = WIDTH;<br /> <br /> // Okamžitá první obnova displeje.<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> lastRowChange = micros() - ROW_TIME_US;<br /> <br /> // Adresa zarizeni z EEPROM z adresy 0<br /> devAddr = EEPROM.read(0) | 0x80; //nacist adresu z eeprom a ujistit se ze bude &gt;=0x80<br /> <br /> showDeviceAddress();<br /> <br /> startupDisplayTime = millis();<br /> startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Hlavní smyčka<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void loop() {<br /> <br /> if (!startupDisplayActive) {<br /> processSerial();<br /> } else if ((uint32_t)(millis() - startupDisplayTime) &gt;= 3000) {<br /> // Po 3 sekundách odstranit uvidni screen s adresou a zacit prijimat data<br /> startupDisplayActive = false;<br /> clearBuffer(); <br /> }<br /> <br /> // obnovovat displej<br /> refreshDisplay();<br /> }<br /> <br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> You need MightyCore in your arduino https://github.com/MCUdude/Mightycore and here is the arduino configuration<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_arduino_cfg.png]]<br /> <br /> Also here is the compiled firmware in .hex (sorry wiki does not let me to upload it as file)...<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;hexdump&quot;&gt;<br /> :100000000C9465000C948D000C948D000C948D0064<br /> :100010000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D002C<br /> :100020000C948D000C94A9020C948D000C94770212<br /> :100030000C9451020C948D000C948D000C948D0046<br /> :100040000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D00FC<br /> :100050000C948D0000000002000000000000000071<br /> :100060000504000700000000000000000000000080<br /> :100070000000000000003B003800350032000000A6<br /> :100080003A0037003400310002020202020202028A<br /> :100090000404040404040404030303030303030328<br /> 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:100E600039073CF4E881F981CF01019699838883A1<br /> :100E700010838E819F8101969F838E83E3CFE885C7<br /> :100E8000F985812F0995892BA1F3DACFFA01AA27D9<br /> :100E9000283051F1203181F1E8946F936E7F6E5FBD<br /> :100EA0007F4F8F4F9F4FAF4FB1E03ED0B4E03CD06B<br /> :100EB000670F781F891F9A1FA11D680F791F8A1F4E<br /> :100EC000911DA11D6A0F711D811D911DA11D20D0B5<br /> :100ED00009F468943F912AE0269F11243019305D6F<br /> :100EE0003193DEF6CF010895462F4770405D419360<br /> :100EF000B3E00FD0C9F7F6CF462F4F70405D4A33AD<br /> :100F000018F0495D31FD4052419302D0A9F7EACF74<br /> :100F1000B4E0A6959795879577956795BA95C9F7A3<br /> :100F200000976105710508959B01AC010A2E069496<br /> :100F30005795479537952795BA95C9F7620F731F4F<br /> :100F4000841F951FA01D0895E199FECF9FBB8EBB06<br /> :100F5000E09A99278DB308952F923F924F925F9216<br /> :100F60006F927F928F929F92AF92BF92CF92DF92B9<br /> :100F7000EF92FF920F931F93CF93DF93CDB7DEB71E<br /> :100F8000CA1BDB0B0FB6F894DEBF0FBECDBF0994B2<br /> :100F90002A88398848885F846E847D848C849B8409<br /> :100FA000AA84B984C884DF80EE80FD800C811B8117<br /> :100FB000AA81B981CE0FD11D0FB6F894DEBF0FBE46<br /> :100FC000CDBFED010895EE0FFF1F0590F491E02DC8<br /> :100FD0000994AEE0B0E0EFEEF7E00C94BA070D89AB<br /> :100FE0001E898F89988D26E02C831A83098397FFA9<br /> :100FF00002C080E090E801979E838D83AE01455E3C<br /> :101000005F4F698D7A8DCE0101960E9426054D8134<br /> :101010005E8157FD0AC02F813885421753070CF4B3<br /> :101020009A01020F131FF80110822E96E4E00C942F<br /> :06103000D607F894FFCF83<br /> :101036005001000000007B01DC000901C7013A01F4<br /> :1010460018012C011F111F001F001D151715151F54<br /> :1010560007041F17151D1F151D01011F1F151F173B<br /> :10106600151F1E051E1F150A0E11111F110E1F1525<br /> :0C107600111F0501140814253032580029<br /> :00000001FF<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> == Flash the FW into the panel ==<br /> You need programmer able to program atmega16 MCUs in DIP40 packages, luckily there is ISP header on the control borad, so I used cheap USBasp to do that.<br /> <br /> !!! THE ISP HEADER USE NON-STANDARD PINOUT - DO NOT PLUG STANDARD USBASP CABLE, YOU NEED TO PIN THESE ACCORDING TO SCHEMATIC OTHERWISE USBASP POWER WILL BE SHORTED !!!<br /> <br /> * install avrdude<br /> * connect USBasp and panel power supply<br /> * verify that you can communicate with the atmega over USBasp &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16&lt;/code&gt; that should say &quot;device signature = 0x1e9403 (probably m16)&quot;<br /> * erase the locked atmega16 using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -e&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the fuses (16MHz xtal, 4V BOD, jtag off, preserved EEPROM on chip erase, ISP allowed) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U lfuse:w:0x3f:m -U hfuse:w:0xc7:m&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the device address (needs to be in range 0x80-0xFF) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&lt;/code&gt; replace 0x80 with desired address<br /> * write and verify the firmware using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U flash:w:firmware.hex:i&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * done<br /> * ... the address could be changed using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&lt;/code&gt; in the future without the need of reflashing the main FW again<br /> <br /> == Show something on the screen ==<br /> Here are some bash examples (to be easy to understand) how to display something on the screen.<br /> <br /> === This example shows the &quot;base48&quot; text on screen with address 0x80 ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|base48 rulezz]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu: 115200 baud, 8N1<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Odeslat příkaz 0x80 a grafická data.<br /> # Každý znak má 4 sloupce, mezi znaky je jeden prázdný sloupec.<br /> # Bit 0 = horní LED, bit 6 = spodní LED.<br /> <br /> printf '\x80\x7F\x48\x48\x30\x00\x20\x54\x54\x78\x00\x48\x54\x54\x20\x00\x38\x54\x54\x18\x00\x18\x14\x12\x7F\x00\x36\x49\x49\x36\x00' &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> === This example shows simple clock on screen with address 0x80 ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_clock.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED panel 30x7 showing clock]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Font číslic 3x5<br /> declare -a FONT=(<br /> &quot;111 101 101 101 111&quot; # 0<br /> &quot;010 110 010 010 111&quot; # 1<br /> &quot;111 001 111 100 111&quot; # 2<br /> &quot;111 001 111 001 111&quot; # 3<br /> &quot;101 101 111 001 001&quot; # 4<br /> &quot;111 100 111 001 111&quot; # 5<br /> &quot;111 100 111 101 111&quot; # 6<br /> &quot;111 001 010 010 010&quot; # 7<br /> &quot;111 101 111 101 111&quot; # 8<br /> &quot;111 101 111 001 111&quot; # 9<br /> )<br /> <br /> # Vykreslení číslice do sloupcového bufferu.<br /> # Číslice má šířku 3 a výšku 5 LED.<br /> # Začíná na řádku 1, takže je na displeji vystředěná.<br /> <br /> draw_digit() {<br /> local digit=$1<br /> local x=$2<br /> local row col bits<br /> local -a rows<br /> <br /> read -ra rows &lt;&lt;&lt; &quot;${FONT[$digit]}&quot;<br /> <br /> for ((row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++)); do<br /> for ((col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++)); do<br /> if [[ ${rows[$row]:$col:1} == 1 ]]; then<br /> ((bits = 1 &lt;&lt; (row + 1)))<br /> ((columns[x + col] |= bits))<br /> fi<br /> done<br /> done<br /> }<br /> <br /> # Nekonečná smyčka hodin<br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # Získat aktuální čas počítače<br /> time=$(date '+%H%M%S')<br /> <br /> # Vymazat obrazový buffer<br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> columns[i]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Rozložení HH:MM:SS<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:0:1}&quot; 2<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:1:1}&quot; 6<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[10] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:2:1}&quot; 12<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:3:1}&quot; 16<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[20] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:4:1}&quot; 22<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:5:1}&quot; 26<br /> # Sestavit příkaz 0x83 a všech 30 sloupců.<br /> # Data jsou zatím reprezentována jako escape sekvence,<br /> # aby fungovaly i bajty s hodnotou 0x00.<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[i]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Odeslat celý obraz jedním printf<br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> # Aktualizace přibližně jednou za sekundu<br /> sleep 1<br /> <br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> === Here is a simple pong game for two players controlled with keys Q, A, P, L ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_pong.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|pong game on LED panel 30x7]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> WIDTH=30<br /> HEIGHT=7<br /> DELAY=0.05<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Uložení nastavení terminálu a povolení čtení kláves bez Enteru<br /> OLD_STTY=$(stty -g) || exit 1<br /> restore_terminal() {<br /> stty &quot;$OLD_STTY&quot;<br /> }<br /> trap restore_terminal EXIT INT TERM<br /> <br /> stty -echo -icanon min 0 time 0<br /> <br /> # Počáteční pozice pálek<br /> left_paddle=3<br /> right_paddle=3<br /> <br /> # Inicializace hry<br /> new_game() {<br /> ball_x=15<br /> ball_y=3<br /> <br /> # Náhodný směr míčku<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vx=1<br /> else<br /> vx=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> }<br /> <br /> new_game<br /> <br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Čtení kláves<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> while IFS= read -r -s -n 1 -t 0.001 key; do<br /> case &quot;$key&quot; in<br /> q|Q)<br /> ((left_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> a|A)<br /> ((left_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> p|P)<br /> ((right_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> l|L)<br /> ((right_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> $'\003')<br /> exit 0<br /> ;;<br /> esac<br /> done<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Výpočet nové pozice míčku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> next_x=$((ball_x + vx))<br /> next_y=$((ball_y + vy))<br /> <br /> # Odraz od horní a dolní hrany<br /> if ((next_y &lt; 0)); then<br /> next_y=1<br /> vy=1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt;= HEIGHT)); then<br /> next_y=$((HEIGHT - 2))<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Levá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &lt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &lt;= 0)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= left_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= left_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl levou pálku<br /> next_x=1<br /> vx=1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> # Zásah doprostřed: náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí levé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &gt;= WIDTH - 1)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= right_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= right_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl pravou pálku<br /> next_x=$((WIDTH - 2))<br /> vx=-1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí pravé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Uložení pozice míčku<br /> ball_x=$next_x<br /> ball_y=$next_y<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Vykreslení snímku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> columns[x]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Levá pálka<br /> for ((y = left_paddle - 1; y &lt;= left_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[0] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> for ((y = right_paddle - 1; y &lt;= right_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[WIDTH - 1] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Míček<br /> ((columns[ball_x] |= 1 &lt;&lt; ball_y))<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Odeslání snímku displeji<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[x]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> sleep &quot;$DELAY&quot;<br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> Stay 420, have fun!</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=LED_Panel_30x7&diff=5726 LED Panel 30x7 2026-10-29T00:53:28Z <p>Buger: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Project<br /> |name=LED Panel 30x7<br /> |image=LED_panel_30x7.jpg<br /> |founder=Buger<br /> |status=active<br /> |tags=hw<br /> |shortdesc=LED Panels 30x7 - make them working<br /> |created=2026-28-10<br /> }}<br /> = What is this about =<br /> This project is about to make these LED panels working. We got them for free including power supplies and some cables, however the communication protocol is unknown. <br /> <br /> To be able to use them we need to find out the protocol, or make our own firmware.<br /> <br /> = Hack the protocol! =<br /> The device is equipped with pair of XLR connectors connected in parallel suggesting use of DMX or RS485 protocol with daisy-chaining in mind, also the vendor (https://www.srs-group.com) is making a lot of DMX stuff, however I tried to send it DMX data on all 512 channels but no luck. I also tried to send it RS485 data in various formats, baudrates, etc - nothing worked.<br /> <br /> I also tried to read the firmware of the main controller (atmega16) but its locked (as usual).<br /> <br /> So I deciced to go &quot;my firmware&quot; way...<br /> <br /> = Make our own firmware =<br /> To be able to make our own firmware we need to know how this works - so I spent couple of hours reverse engineering the control board so we have the schematic <br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_schematic.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED &amp; driver layout]]<br /> <br /> Then I used money of the US tax payers (free chatgpt AI) to make the firmware for atmega16 in arduino with the MightyCore atmega16 support. I told him where and how are the shift registers and row decoders connected, his first task was just to display &quot;base48&quot; text... He did it... Then I asked him to add very simple serial protocol that whill wait for device address and then starts to receive graphics data column by column... And that worked too. <br /> <br /> After some polishing here is the firmware that:<br /> * on power up it reads device address from EEPROM address 0<br /> * shows the device address for 3 seconds on the screen<br /> * then screen is cleared and it waits for serial data (115200, 8N1)<br /> * it ignores all data until device address is received<br /> * after it receives its address, it starts to receive graphics data and resets the column counter<br /> * because each colum of display consists of 7 LEDs, I decided that all bytes with 0 in the most significant bit (0x0-0x7F) will represent graphics data (simply each bit corresponds to LED in the column) and all with 1 in this bit (0x80-0xFF) will represent device address<br /> * therefore the device address needs to be in 0x80-0xFF range, this way we can handle up to 128 devices on the same bus<br /> * after each received graphics byte column counter is incremented<br /> * therefore if the device address its for example 0x80, you need to send 0x80, 0x7F, 0x7F, ... and 28 more 0x7Fs to make all LEDs on the panel lid up<br /> * the device ignores all bytes &gt;=0x80 if they are not its device address<br /> * the device ignores all graphics data if end of display was reached (means all 30 columns received) until it receives its address again<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;arduino&quot;&gt;<br /> #include &lt;SPI.h&gt;<br /> #include &lt;EEPROM.h&gt;<br /> <br /> // device address is stored in eeprom on address 0 and should be &gt;=0x80<br /> // to change it run &quot;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&quot; and replace 0x80 with your address<br /> <br /> // graphics data = all bytes from serial &lt; 0x80 (as we have only 7 LEDs)<br /> // when device address is received on serial = start receiving graphics data to display buffer<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Konfigurace pinů – ATmega16, MightyCore std pipnout<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t PIN_LATCH = 21; // PC5<br /> const uint8_t PIN_OE = 20; // PC4<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S0 = 16; // PC0<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S1 = 17; // PC1<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S2 = 18; // PC2<br /> const uint8_t PIN_EN = 19; // PC3<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SPI_SPEED = 16000000; //drivery by mely fungovat do 20MHz<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Parametry displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t WIDTH = 30;<br /> const uint8_t HEIGHT = 7;<br /> <br /> const uint32_t ROW_TIME_US = 1000;<br /> <br /> const uint8_t DECODER_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t DECODER_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Sériová komunikace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SERIAL_BAUD = 115200;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Obrazová paměť<br /> //<br /> // buffer[row][column]<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> bool buffer[HEIGHT][WIDTH];<br /> <br /> // Index následujícího zapisovaného sloupce.<br /> // WIDTH znamená, že je buffer plný.<br /> <br /> uint8_t writeColumn = 0;<br /> <br /> uint8_t devAddr = 80;<br /> uint32_t startupDisplayTime = 0;<br /> bool startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Font 3x5 pro úvodní zobrazení adresy<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> // Každý znak má 3 sloupce, každý sloupec obsahuje 5 bitů.<br /> // Bit 0 = horní pixel.<br /> <br /> const uint8_t font3x5[][3] = {<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x1F}, // 0<br /> {0x00, 0x1F, 0x00}, // 1<br /> {0x1D, 0x15, 0x17}, // 2<br /> {0x15, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 3<br /> {0x07, 0x04, 0x1F}, // 4<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 5<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 6<br /> {0x01, 0x01, 0x1F}, // 7<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 8<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 9<br /> {0x1E, 0x05, 0x1E}, // A<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x0A}, // B<br /> {0x0E, 0x11, 0x11}, // C<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x0E}, // D<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x11}, // E<br /> {0x1F, 0x05, 0x01}, // F<br /> {0x14, 0x08, 0x14} // x<br /> };<br /> <br /> // Vymazání obrazového bufferu.<br /> void clearBuffer() {<br /> memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Vykreslení jednoho znaku 3x5.<br /> void drawChar(uint8_t index, uint8_t x, uint8_t y) {<br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++) {<br /> uint8_t bits = font3x5[index][col];<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++) {<br /> if (x + col &lt; WIDTH &amp;&amp; y + row &lt; HEIGHT) {<br /> buffer[y + row][x + col] = (bits &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zobrazení adresy, například 0x83.<br /> void showDeviceAddress() {<br /> clearBuffer();<br /> <br /> char text[5];<br /> snprintf(text, sizeof(text), &quot;%02X&quot;, devAddr);<br /> <br /> // Text tvoří 0, x a dvě hexadecimální číslice.<br /> // Šířka: 4 znaky * 3 pixely + 3 mezery = 15 pixelů.<br /> // Začátek je vypočítán pro vodorovné vycentrování.<br /> uint8_t x = (WIDTH - 15) / 2;<br /> uint8_t y = (HEIGHT - 5) / 2;<br /> <br /> drawChar(0, x, y); // 0<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> drawChar(16, x, y); // x<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t i = 0; i &lt; 2; i++) {<br /> char c = text[i];<br /> <br /> uint8_t index;<br /> if (c &gt;= '0' &amp;&amp; c &lt;= '9') {<br /> index = c - '0';<br /> } else {<br /> index = c - 'A' + 10;<br /> }<br /> <br /> drawChar(index, x, y);<br /> x += 4;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Příjem dat ze sériového portu<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void processSerial() {<br /> <br /> while (Serial.available() &gt; 0) {<br /> <br /> uint8_t data = Serial.read();<br /> <br /> // Bajty s nejvyšším bitem 1 jsou příkazy.<br /> if (data &amp; 0x80) {<br /> <br /> // Jediný podporovaný příkaz: reset adresy zápisu pokud je prijat devAddr.<br /> if (data == devAddr) {<br /> writeColumn = 0;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Ostatní ignorovat<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Pokud je buffer plný, další data ignorovat.<br /> if (writeColumn &gt;= WIDTH) {<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zapsat všech 7 bitů do aktuálního sloupce.<br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; HEIGHT; row++) {<br /> <br /> buffer[row][writeColumn] = (data &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Připravit následující sloupec.<br /> writeColumn++;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Výběr řádku přes 74LS138<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void selectRow(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, (row &amp; 0x01) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, (row &amp; 0x02) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, (row &amp; 0x04) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Zápis sloupců do dvou A6276E<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void writeColumns(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> uint32_t word = 0;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; WIDTH; col++) {<br /> <br /> if (buffer[row][col]) {<br /> word |= (1UL &lt;&lt; col);<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, LOW);<br /> <br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 24) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer(word &amp; 0xFF);<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Multiplexní obsluha displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> uint8_t currentRow = 0;<br /> uint32_t lastRowChange = 0;<br /> <br /> void refreshDisplay() {<br /> <br /> uint32_t now = micros();<br /> <br /> if ((uint32_t)(now - lastRowChange) &lt; ROW_TIME_US) {<br /> return;<br /> }<br /> <br /> lastRowChange = now;<br /> <br /> // 1. Zhasnout výstupy během změny řádku.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 2. Zakázat dekodér.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 3. Zapsat data pro aktuální řádek.<br /> writeColumns(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 4. Vybrat řádek.<br /> selectRow(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 5. Povolit řádek.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 6. Povolit výstupy LED driverů.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 7. Připravit následující řádek.<br /> currentRow++;<br /> <br /> if (currentRow &gt;= HEIGHT) {<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Inicializace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void setup() {<br /> // Sériová komunikace 115200 baud.<br /> Serial.begin(SERIAL_BAUD);<br /> <br /> // SPI pro LED drivery.<br /> SPI.begin();<br /> <br /> SPI.beginTransaction(<br /> SPISettings(SPI_SPEED, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0)<br /> );<br /> <br /> // Konfigurace pinů.<br /> pinMode(PIN_LATCH, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_OE, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S0, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S1, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S2, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_EN, OUTPUT);<br /> <br /> // Displej při inicializaci zhasnout.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, LOW);<br /> <br /> // buffer pointer je po resetu nastaven na WIDTH aby se ignorovala data dokud nedojde odpovidajici devaddr<br /> writeColumn = WIDTH;<br /> <br /> // Okamžitá první obnova displeje.<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> lastRowChange = micros() - ROW_TIME_US;<br /> <br /> // Adresa zarizeni z EEPROM z adresy 0<br /> devAddr = EEPROM.read(0) | 0x80; //nacist adresu z eeprom a ujistit se ze bude &gt;=0x80<br /> <br /> showDeviceAddress();<br /> <br /> startupDisplayTime = millis();<br /> startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Hlavní smyčka<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void loop() {<br /> <br /> if (!startupDisplayActive) {<br /> processSerial();<br /> } else if ((uint32_t)(millis() - startupDisplayTime) &gt;= 3000) {<br /> // Po 3 sekundách odstranit uvidni screen s adresou a zacit prijimat data<br /> startupDisplayActive = false;<br /> clearBuffer(); <br /> }<br /> <br /> // obnovovat displej<br /> refreshDisplay();<br /> }<br /> <br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> You need MightyCore in your arduino https://github.com/MCUdude/Mightycore and here is the arduino configuration<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_arduino_cfg.png]]<br /> <br /> Also here is the compiled firmware in .hex (sorry wiki does not let me to upload it as file)...<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;hexdump&quot;&gt;<br /> :100000000C9465000C948D000C948D000C948D0064<br /> :100010000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D002C<br /> :100020000C948D000C94A9020C948D000C94770212<br /> :100030000C9451020C948D000C948D000C948D0046<br /> :100040000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D00FC<br /> :100050000C948D0000000002000000000000000071<br /> :100060000504000700000000000000000000000080<br /> :100070000000000000003B003800350032000000A6<br /> :100080003A0037003400310002020202020202028A<br /> :100090000404040404040404030303030303030328<br /> 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THE ISP HEADER USE NON-STANDARD PINOUT - DO NOT PLUG STANDARD USBASP CABLE, YOU NEED TO PIN THESE ACCORDING TO SCHEMATIC OTHERWISE USBASP POWER WILL BE SHORTED !!!<br /> <br /> * install avrdude<br /> * connect USBasp and panel power supply<br /> * verify that you can communicate with the atmega over USBasp &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16&lt;/code&gt; that should say &quot;device signature = 0x1e9403 (probably m16)&quot;<br /> * erase the locked atmega16 using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -e&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the fuses (16MHz xtal, 4V BOD, jtag off, preserved EEPROM on chip erase, ISP allowed) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U lfuse:w:0x3f:m -U hfuse:w:0xc7:m&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the device address (needs to be in range 0x80-0xFF) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&lt;/code&gt; replace 0x80 with desired address<br /> * write and verify the firmware using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U flash:w:firmware.hex:i&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * done<br /> <br /> == Show something on the screen ==<br /> Here are some bash examples (to be easy to understand) how to display something on the screen.<br /> <br /> === This example shows the &quot;base48&quot; text on screen with address 0x80 ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|base48 rulezz]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu: 115200 baud, 8N1<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Odeslat příkaz 0x80 a grafická data.<br /> # Každý znak má 4 sloupce, mezi znaky je jeden prázdný sloupec.<br /> # Bit 0 = horní LED, bit 6 = spodní LED.<br /> <br /> printf '\x80\x7F\x48\x48\x30\x00\x20\x54\x54\x78\x00\x48\x54\x54\x20\x00\x38\x54\x54\x18\x00\x18\x14\x12\x7F\x00\x36\x49\x49\x36\x00' &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> === This example shows simple clock on screen with address 0x80 ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_clock.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED panel 30x7 showing clock]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Font číslic 3x5<br /> declare -a FONT=(<br /> &quot;111 101 101 101 111&quot; # 0<br /> &quot;010 110 010 010 111&quot; # 1<br /> &quot;111 001 111 100 111&quot; # 2<br /> &quot;111 001 111 001 111&quot; # 3<br /> &quot;101 101 111 001 001&quot; # 4<br /> &quot;111 100 111 001 111&quot; # 5<br /> &quot;111 100 111 101 111&quot; # 6<br /> &quot;111 001 010 010 010&quot; # 7<br /> &quot;111 101 111 101 111&quot; # 8<br /> &quot;111 101 111 001 111&quot; # 9<br /> )<br /> <br /> # Vykreslení číslice do sloupcového bufferu.<br /> # Číslice má šířku 3 a výšku 5 LED.<br /> # Začíná na řádku 1, takže je na displeji vystředěná.<br /> <br /> draw_digit() {<br /> local digit=$1<br /> local x=$2<br /> local row col bits<br /> local -a rows<br /> <br /> read -ra rows &lt;&lt;&lt; &quot;${FONT[$digit]}&quot;<br /> <br /> for ((row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++)); do<br /> for ((col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++)); do<br /> if [[ ${rows[$row]:$col:1} == 1 ]]; then<br /> ((bits = 1 &lt;&lt; (row + 1)))<br /> ((columns[x + col] |= bits))<br /> fi<br /> done<br /> done<br /> }<br /> <br /> # Nekonečná smyčka hodin<br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # Získat aktuální čas počítače<br /> time=$(date '+%H%M%S')<br /> <br /> # Vymazat obrazový buffer<br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> columns[i]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Rozložení HH:MM:SS<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:0:1}&quot; 2<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:1:1}&quot; 6<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[10] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:2:1}&quot; 12<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:3:1}&quot; 16<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[20] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:4:1}&quot; 22<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:5:1}&quot; 26<br /> # Sestavit příkaz 0x83 a všech 30 sloupců.<br /> # Data jsou zatím reprezentována jako escape sekvence,<br /> # aby fungovaly i bajty s hodnotou 0x00.<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[i]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Odeslat celý obraz jedním printf<br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> # Aktualizace přibližně jednou za sekundu<br /> sleep 1<br /> <br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> === Here is a simple pong game for two players controlled with keys Q, A, P, L ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_pong.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|pong game on LED panel 30x7]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> WIDTH=30<br /> HEIGHT=7<br /> DELAY=0.05<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Uložení nastavení terminálu a povolení čtení kláves bez Enteru<br /> OLD_STTY=$(stty -g) || exit 1<br /> restore_terminal() {<br /> stty &quot;$OLD_STTY&quot;<br /> }<br /> trap restore_terminal EXIT INT TERM<br /> <br /> stty -echo -icanon min 0 time 0<br /> <br /> # Počáteční pozice pálek<br /> left_paddle=3<br /> right_paddle=3<br /> <br /> # Inicializace hry<br /> new_game() {<br /> ball_x=15<br /> ball_y=3<br /> <br /> # Náhodný směr míčku<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vx=1<br /> else<br /> vx=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> }<br /> <br /> new_game<br /> <br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Čtení kláves<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> while IFS= read -r -s -n 1 -t 0.001 key; do<br /> case &quot;$key&quot; in<br /> q|Q)<br /> ((left_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> a|A)<br /> ((left_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> p|P)<br /> ((right_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> l|L)<br /> ((right_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> $'\003')<br /> exit 0<br /> ;;<br /> esac<br /> done<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Výpočet nové pozice míčku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> next_x=$((ball_x + vx))<br /> next_y=$((ball_y + vy))<br /> <br /> # Odraz od horní a dolní hrany<br /> if ((next_y &lt; 0)); then<br /> next_y=1<br /> vy=1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt;= HEIGHT)); then<br /> next_y=$((HEIGHT - 2))<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Levá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &lt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &lt;= 0)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= left_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= left_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl levou pálku<br /> next_x=1<br /> vx=1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> # Zásah doprostřed: náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí levé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &gt;= WIDTH - 1)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= right_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= right_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl pravou pálku<br /> next_x=$((WIDTH - 2))<br /> vx=-1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí pravé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Uložení pozice míčku<br /> ball_x=$next_x<br /> ball_y=$next_y<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Vykreslení snímku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> columns[x]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Levá pálka<br /> for ((y = left_paddle - 1; y &lt;= left_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[0] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> for ((y = right_paddle - 1; y &lt;= right_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[WIDTH - 1] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Míček<br /> ((columns[ball_x] |= 1 &lt;&lt; ball_y))<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Odeslání snímku displeji<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[x]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> sleep &quot;$DELAY&quot;<br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> Stay 420, have fun!</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=LED_Panel_30x7&diff=5725 LED Panel 30x7 2026-10-29T00:52:09Z <p>Buger: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Project<br /> |name=LED Panel 30x7<br /> |image=LED_panel_30x7.jpg<br /> |founder=Buger<br /> |status=active<br /> |tags=hw<br /> |shortdesc=LED Panels 30x7 - make them working<br /> |created=2026-28-10<br /> }}<br /> = What is this about =<br /> This project is about to make these LED panels working. We got them for free including power supplies and some cables, however the communication protocol is unknown. <br /> <br /> To be able to use them we need to find out the protocol, or make our own firmware.<br /> <br /> = Hack the protocol! =<br /> The device is equipped with pair of XLR connectors connected in parallel suggesting use of DMX or RS485 protocol with daisy-chaining in mind, also the vendor (https://www.srs-group.com) is making a lot of DMX stuff, however I tried to send it DMX data on all 512 channels but no luck. I also tried to send it RS485 data in various formats, baudrates, etc - nothing worked.<br /> <br /> I also tried to read the firmware of the main controller (atmega16) but its locked (as usual).<br /> <br /> So I deciced to go &quot;my firmware&quot; way...<br /> <br /> = Make our own firmware =<br /> To be able to make our own firmware we need to know how this works - so I spent couple of hours reverse engineering the control board so we have the schematic <br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_schematic.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED &amp; driver layout]]<br /> <br /> Then I used money of the US tax payers (free chatgpt AI) to make the firmware for atmega16 in arduino with the MightyCore atmega16 support. I told him where and how are the shift registers and row decoders connected, his first task was just to display &quot;base48&quot; text... He did it... Then I asked him to add very simple serial protocol that whill wait for device address and then starts to receive graphics data column by column... And that worked too. <br /> <br /> After some polishing here is the firmware that:<br /> * on power up it reads device address from EEPROM address 0<br /> * shows the device address for 3 seconds on the screen<br /> * then screen is cleared and it waits for serial data (115200, 8N1)<br /> * it ignores all data until device address is received<br /> * after it receives its address, it starts to receive graphics data and resets the column counter<br /> * because each colum of display consists of 7 LEDs, I decided that all bytes with 0 in the most significant bit (0x0-0x7F) will represent graphics data (simply each bit corresponds to LED in the column) and all with 1 in this bit (0x80-0xFF) will represent device address<br /> * therefore the device address needs to be in 0x80-0xFF range, this way we can handle up to 128 devices on the same bus<br /> * after each received graphics byte column counter is incremented<br /> * therefore if the device address its for example 0x80, you need to send 0x80, 0x7F, 0x7F, ... and 28 more 0x7Fs to make all LEDs on the panel lid up<br /> * the device ignores all bytes &gt;=0x80 if they are not its device address<br /> * the device ignores all graphics data if end of display was reached (means all 30 columns received) until it receives its address again<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;arduino&quot;&gt;<br /> #include &lt;SPI.h&gt;<br /> #include &lt;EEPROM.h&gt;<br /> <br /> // device address is stored in eeprom on address 0 and should be &gt;=0x80<br /> // to change it run &quot;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&quot; and replace 0x80 with your address<br /> <br /> // graphics data = all bytes from serial &lt; 0x80 (as we have only 7 LEDs)<br /> // when device address is received on serial = start receiving graphics data to display buffer<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Konfigurace pinů – ATmega16, MightyCore std pipnout<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t PIN_LATCH = 21; // PC5<br /> const uint8_t PIN_OE = 20; // PC4<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S0 = 16; // PC0<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S1 = 17; // PC1<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S2 = 18; // PC2<br /> const uint8_t PIN_EN = 19; // PC3<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SPI_SPEED = 16000000; //drivery by mely fungovat do 20MHz<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Parametry displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t WIDTH = 30;<br /> const uint8_t HEIGHT = 7;<br /> <br /> const uint32_t ROW_TIME_US = 1000;<br /> <br /> const uint8_t DECODER_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t DECODER_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Sériová komunikace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SERIAL_BAUD = 115200;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Obrazová paměť<br /> //<br /> // buffer[row][column]<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> bool buffer[HEIGHT][WIDTH];<br /> <br /> // Index následujícího zapisovaného sloupce.<br /> // WIDTH znamená, že je buffer plný.<br /> <br /> uint8_t writeColumn = 0;<br /> <br /> uint8_t devAddr = 80;<br /> uint32_t startupDisplayTime = 0;<br /> bool startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Font 3x5 pro úvodní zobrazení adresy<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> // Každý znak má 3 sloupce, každý sloupec obsahuje 5 bitů.<br /> // Bit 0 = horní pixel.<br /> <br /> const uint8_t font3x5[][3] = {<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x1F}, // 0<br /> {0x00, 0x1F, 0x00}, // 1<br /> {0x1D, 0x15, 0x17}, // 2<br /> {0x15, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 3<br /> {0x07, 0x04, 0x1F}, // 4<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 5<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 6<br /> {0x01, 0x01, 0x1F}, // 7<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 8<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 9<br /> {0x1E, 0x05, 0x1E}, // A<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x0A}, // B<br /> {0x0E, 0x11, 0x11}, // C<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x0E}, // D<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x11}, // E<br /> {0x1F, 0x05, 0x01}, // F<br /> {0x14, 0x08, 0x14} // x<br /> };<br /> <br /> // Vymazání obrazového bufferu.<br /> void clearBuffer() {<br /> memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Vykreslení jednoho znaku 3x5.<br /> void drawChar(uint8_t index, uint8_t x, uint8_t y) {<br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++) {<br /> uint8_t bits = font3x5[index][col];<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++) {<br /> if (x + col &lt; WIDTH &amp;&amp; y + row &lt; HEIGHT) {<br /> buffer[y + row][x + col] = (bits &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zobrazení adresy, například 0x83.<br /> void showDeviceAddress() {<br /> clearBuffer();<br /> <br /> char text[5];<br /> snprintf(text, sizeof(text), &quot;%02X&quot;, devAddr);<br /> <br /> // Text tvoří 0, x a dvě hexadecimální číslice.<br /> // Šířka: 4 znaky * 3 pixely + 3 mezery = 15 pixelů.<br /> // Začátek je vypočítán pro vodorovné vycentrování.<br /> uint8_t x = (WIDTH - 15) / 2;<br /> uint8_t y = (HEIGHT - 5) / 2;<br /> <br /> drawChar(0, x, y); // 0<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> drawChar(16, x, y); // x<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t i = 0; i &lt; 2; i++) {<br /> char c = text[i];<br /> <br /> uint8_t index;<br /> if (c &gt;= '0' &amp;&amp; c &lt;= '9') {<br /> index = c - '0';<br /> } else {<br /> index = c - 'A' + 10;<br /> }<br /> <br /> drawChar(index, x, y);<br /> x += 4;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Příjem dat ze sériového portu<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void processSerial() {<br /> <br /> while (Serial.available() &gt; 0) {<br /> <br /> uint8_t data = Serial.read();<br /> <br /> // Bajty s nejvyšším bitem 1 jsou příkazy.<br /> if (data &amp; 0x80) {<br /> <br /> // Jediný podporovaný příkaz: reset adresy zápisu pokud je prijat devAddr.<br /> if (data == devAddr) {<br /> writeColumn = 0;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Ostatní ignorovat<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Pokud je buffer plný, další data ignorovat.<br /> if (writeColumn &gt;= WIDTH) {<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zapsat všech 7 bitů do aktuálního sloupce.<br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; HEIGHT; row++) {<br /> <br /> buffer[row][writeColumn] = (data &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Připravit následující sloupec.<br /> writeColumn++;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Výběr řádku přes 74LS138<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void selectRow(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, (row &amp; 0x01) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, (row &amp; 0x02) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, (row &amp; 0x04) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Zápis sloupců do dvou A6276E<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void writeColumns(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> uint32_t word = 0;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; WIDTH; col++) {<br /> <br /> if (buffer[row][col]) {<br /> word |= (1UL &lt;&lt; col);<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, LOW);<br /> <br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 24) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer(word &amp; 0xFF);<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Multiplexní obsluha displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> uint8_t currentRow = 0;<br /> uint32_t lastRowChange = 0;<br /> <br /> void refreshDisplay() {<br /> <br /> uint32_t now = micros();<br /> <br /> if ((uint32_t)(now - lastRowChange) &lt; ROW_TIME_US) {<br /> return;<br /> }<br /> <br /> lastRowChange = now;<br /> <br /> // 1. Zhasnout výstupy během změny řádku.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 2. Zakázat dekodér.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 3. Zapsat data pro aktuální řádek.<br /> writeColumns(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 4. Vybrat řádek.<br /> selectRow(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 5. Povolit řádek.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 6. Povolit výstupy LED driverů.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 7. Připravit následující řádek.<br /> currentRow++;<br /> <br /> if (currentRow &gt;= HEIGHT) {<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Inicializace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void setup() {<br /> // Sériová komunikace 115200 baud.<br /> Serial.begin(SERIAL_BAUD);<br /> <br /> // SPI pro LED drivery.<br /> SPI.begin();<br /> <br /> SPI.beginTransaction(<br /> SPISettings(SPI_SPEED, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0)<br /> );<br /> <br /> // Konfigurace pinů.<br /> pinMode(PIN_LATCH, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_OE, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S0, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S1, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S2, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_EN, OUTPUT);<br /> <br /> // Displej při inicializaci zhasnout.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, LOW);<br /> <br /> // buffer pointer je po resetu nastaven na WIDTH aby se ignorovala data dokud nedojde odpovidajici devaddr<br /> writeColumn = WIDTH;<br /> <br /> // Okamžitá první obnova displeje.<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> lastRowChange = micros() - ROW_TIME_US;<br /> <br /> // Adresa zarizeni z EEPROM z adresy 0<br /> devAddr = EEPROM.read(0) | 0x80; //nacist adresu z eeprom a ujistit se ze bude &gt;=0x80<br /> <br /> showDeviceAddress();<br /> <br /> startupDisplayTime = millis();<br /> startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Hlavní smyčka<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void loop() {<br /> <br /> if (!startupDisplayActive) {<br /> processSerial();<br /> } else if ((uint32_t)(millis() - startupDisplayTime) &gt;= 3000) {<br /> // Po 3 sekundách odstranit uvidni screen s adresou a zacit prijimat data<br /> startupDisplayActive = false;<br /> clearBuffer(); <br /> }<br /> <br /> // obnovovat displej<br /> refreshDisplay();<br /> }<br /> <br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> You need MightyCore in your arduino https://github.com/MCUdude/Mightycore and here is the arduino configuration<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_arduino_cfg.png]]<br /> <br /> Also here is the compiled firmware in .hex (sorry wiki does not let me to upload it as file)...<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;hexdump&quot;&gt;<br /> :100000000C9465000C948D000C948D000C948D0064<br /> :100010000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D002C<br /> :100020000C948D000C94A9020C948D000C94770212<br /> :100030000C9451020C948D000C948D000C948D0046<br /> :100040000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D00FC<br /> :100050000C948D0000000002000000000000000071<br /> :100060000504000700000000000000000000000080<br /> :100070000000000000003B003800350032000000A6<br /> :100080003A0037003400310002020202020202028A<br /> :100090000404040404040404030303030303030328<br /> 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THE ISP HEADER USE NON-STANDARD PINOUT - DO NOT PLUG STANDARD USBASP CABLE, YOU NEED TO PIN THESE ACCORDING TO SCHEMATIC OTHERWISE USBASP POWER WILL BE SHORTED !!!<br /> <br /> * install avrdude<br /> * connect USBasp and panel power supply<br /> * verify that you can communicate with the atmega over USBasp &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16&lt;/code&gt; that should say &quot;device signature = 0x1e9403 (probably m16)&quot;<br /> * erase the locked atmega16 using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -e&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the fuses (16MHz xtal, 4V BOD, jtag off, preserved EEPROM on chip erase, ISP allowed) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U lfuse:w:0x3f:m -U hfuse:w:0xc7:m&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the device address (needs to be in range 0x80-0xFF) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&lt;/code&gt; replace 0x80 with desired address<br /> * write and verify the firmware using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U flash:w:firmware.hex:i&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * done<br /> <br /> == Show something on the screen ==<br /> Here are some bash examples (to be easy to understand) how to display something on the screen.<br /> <br /> === This example shows the &quot;base48&quot; text on screen with address 0x80 ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|base48 rulezz]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu: 115200 baud, 8N1<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Odeslat příkaz 0x80 a grafická data.<br /> # Každý znak má 4 sloupce, mezi znaky je jeden prázdný sloupec.<br /> # Bit 0 = horní LED, bit 6 = spodní LED.<br /> <br /> printf '\x80\x7F\x48\x48\x30\x00\x20\x54\x54\x78\x00\x48\x54\x54\x20\x00\x38\x54\x54\x18\x00\x18\x14\x12\x7F\x00\x36\x49\x49\x36\x00' &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> === This example shows simple clock on screen with address 0x80 ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_clock.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED panel 30x7 showing clock]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Font číslic 3x5<br /> declare -a FONT=(<br /> &quot;111 101 101 101 111&quot; # 0<br /> &quot;010 110 010 010 111&quot; # 1<br /> &quot;111 001 111 100 111&quot; # 2<br /> &quot;111 001 111 001 111&quot; # 3<br /> &quot;101 101 111 001 001&quot; # 4<br /> &quot;111 100 111 001 111&quot; # 5<br /> &quot;111 100 111 101 111&quot; # 6<br /> &quot;111 001 010 010 010&quot; # 7<br /> &quot;111 101 111 101 111&quot; # 8<br /> &quot;111 101 111 001 111&quot; # 9<br /> )<br /> <br /> # Vykreslení číslice do sloupcového bufferu.<br /> # Číslice má šířku 3 a výšku 5 LED.<br /> # Začíná na řádku 1, takže je na displeji vystředěná.<br /> <br /> draw_digit() {<br /> local digit=$1<br /> local x=$2<br /> local row col bits<br /> local -a rows<br /> <br /> read -ra rows &lt;&lt;&lt; &quot;${FONT[$digit]}&quot;<br /> <br /> for ((row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++)); do<br /> for ((col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++)); do<br /> if [[ ${rows[$row]:$col:1} == 1 ]]; then<br /> ((bits = 1 &lt;&lt; (row + 1)))<br /> ((columns[x + col] |= bits))<br /> fi<br /> done<br /> done<br /> }<br /> <br /> # Nekonečná smyčka hodin<br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # Získat aktuální čas počítače<br /> time=$(date '+%H%M%S')<br /> <br /> # Vymazat obrazový buffer<br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> columns[i]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Rozložení HH:MM:SS<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:0:1}&quot; 2<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:1:1}&quot; 6<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[10] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:2:1}&quot; 12<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:3:1}&quot; 16<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[20] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:4:1}&quot; 22<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:5:1}&quot; 26<br /> # Sestavit příkaz 0x83 a všech 30 sloupců.<br /> # Data jsou zatím reprezentována jako escape sekvence,<br /> # aby fungovaly i bajty s hodnotou 0x00.<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[i]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Odeslat celý obraz jedním printf<br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> # Aktualizace přibližně jednou za sekundu<br /> sleep 1<br /> <br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> === Here is a simple pong game for two players controlled with keys Q, A, P, L ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_pong.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|pong game on LED panel 30x7]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> WIDTH=30<br /> HEIGHT=7<br /> DELAY=0.05<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Uložení nastavení terminálu a povolení čtení kláves bez Enteru<br /> OLD_STTY=$(stty -g) || exit 1<br /> restore_terminal() {<br /> stty &quot;$OLD_STTY&quot;<br /> }<br /> trap restore_terminal EXIT INT TERM<br /> <br /> stty -echo -icanon min 0 time 0<br /> <br /> # Počáteční pozice pálek<br /> left_paddle=3<br /> right_paddle=3<br /> <br /> # Inicializace hry<br /> new_game() {<br /> ball_x=15<br /> ball_y=3<br /> <br /> # Náhodný směr míčku<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vx=1<br /> else<br /> vx=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> }<br /> <br /> new_game<br /> <br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Čtení kláves<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> while IFS= read -r -s -n 1 -t 0.001 key; do<br /> case &quot;$key&quot; in<br /> q|Q)<br /> ((left_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> a|A)<br /> ((left_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> p|P)<br /> ((right_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> l|L)<br /> ((right_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> $'\003')<br /> exit 0<br /> ;;<br /> esac<br /> done<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Výpočet nové pozice míčku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> next_x=$((ball_x + vx))<br /> next_y=$((ball_y + vy))<br /> <br /> # Odraz od horní a dolní hrany<br /> if ((next_y &lt; 0)); then<br /> next_y=1<br /> vy=1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt;= HEIGHT)); then<br /> next_y=$((HEIGHT - 2))<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Levá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &lt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &lt;= 0)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= left_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= left_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl levou pálku<br /> next_x=1<br /> vx=1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> # Zásah doprostřed: náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí levé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &gt;= WIDTH - 1)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= right_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= right_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl pravou pálku<br /> next_x=$((WIDTH - 2))<br /> vx=-1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí pravé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Uložení pozice míčku<br /> ball_x=$next_x<br /> ball_y=$next_y<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Vykreslení snímku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> columns[x]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Levá pálka<br /> for ((y = left_paddle - 1; y &lt;= left_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[0] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> for ((y = right_paddle - 1; y &lt;= right_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[WIDTH - 1] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Míček<br /> ((columns[ball_x] |= 1 &lt;&lt; ball_y))<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Odeslání snímku displeji<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[x]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> sleep &quot;$DELAY&quot;<br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=LED_Panel_30x7&diff=5724 LED Panel 30x7 2026-10-29T00:50:57Z <p>Buger: ok, most info there</p> <hr /> <div>{{Project<br /> |name=LED Panel 30x7<br /> |image=LED_panel_30x7.jpg<br /> |founder=Buger<br /> |status=active<br /> |tags=hw<br /> |shortdesc=LED Panels 30x7 - make them working<br /> |created=2026-28-10<br /> }}<br /> = What is this about =<br /> This project is about to make these LED panels working. We got them for free including power supplies and some cables, however the communication protocol is unknown. <br /> <br /> To be able to use them we need to find out the protocol, or make our own firmware.<br /> <br /> = Hack the protocol! =<br /> The device is equipped with pair of XLR connectors connected in parallel suggesting use of DMX or RS485 protocol with daisy-chaining in mind, also the vendor (https://www.srs-group.com) is making a lot of DMX stuff, however I tried to send it DMX data on all 512 channels but no luck. I also tried to send it RS485 data in various formats, baudrates, etc - nothing worked.<br /> <br /> I also tried to read the firmware of the main controller (atmega16) but its locked (as usual).<br /> <br /> So I deciced to go &quot;my firmware&quot; way...<br /> <br /> = Make our own firmware =<br /> To be able to make our own firmware we need to know how this works - so I spent couple of hours reverse engineering the control board so we have the schematic <br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_schematic.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED &amp; driver layout]]<br /> <br /> Then I used money of the US tax payers (free chatgpt AI) to make the firmware for atmega16 in arduino with the MightyCore atmega16 support. I told him where and how are the shift registers and row decoders connected, his first task was just to display &quot;base48&quot; text... He did it... Then I asked him to add very simple serial protocol that whill wait for device address and then starts to receive graphics data column by column... And that worked too. <br /> <br /> After some polishing here is the firmware that:<br /> * on power up it reads device address from EEPROM address 0<br /> * shows the device address for 3 seconds on the screen<br /> * then screen is cleared and it waits for serial data (115200, 8N1)<br /> * it ignores all data until device address is received<br /> * after it receives its address, it starts to receive graphics data and resets the column counter<br /> * because each colum of display consists of 7 LEDs, I decided that all bytes with 0 in the most significant bit (0x0-0x7F) will represent graphics data (simply each bit corresponds to LED in the column) and all with 1 in this bit (0x80-0xFF) will represent device address<br /> * therefore the device address needs to be in 0x80-0xFF range, this way we can handle up to 128 devices on the same bus<br /> * after each received graphics byte column counter is incremented<br /> * therefore if the device address its for example 0x80, you need to send 0x80, 0x7F, 0x7F, ... and 28 more 0x7Fs to make all LEDs on the panel lid up<br /> * the device ignores all bytes &gt;=0x80 if they are not its device address<br /> * the device ignores all graphics data if end of display was reached (means all 30 columns received)<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;arduino&quot;&gt;<br /> #include &lt;SPI.h&gt;<br /> #include &lt;EEPROM.h&gt;<br /> <br /> // device address is stored in eeprom on address 0 and should be &gt;=0x80<br /> // to change it run &quot;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&quot; and replace 0x80 with your address<br /> <br /> // graphics data = all bytes from serial &lt; 0x80 (as we have only 7 LEDs)<br /> // when device address is received on serial = start receiving graphics data to display buffer<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Konfigurace pinů – ATmega16, MightyCore std pipnout<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t PIN_LATCH = 21; // PC5<br /> const uint8_t PIN_OE = 20; // PC4<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S0 = 16; // PC0<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S1 = 17; // PC1<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S2 = 18; // PC2<br /> const uint8_t PIN_EN = 19; // PC3<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SPI_SPEED = 16000000; //drivery by mely fungovat do 20MHz<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Parametry displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t WIDTH = 30;<br /> const uint8_t HEIGHT = 7;<br /> <br /> const uint32_t ROW_TIME_US = 1000;<br /> <br /> const uint8_t DECODER_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t DECODER_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Sériová komunikace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SERIAL_BAUD = 115200;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Obrazová paměť<br /> //<br /> // buffer[row][column]<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> bool buffer[HEIGHT][WIDTH];<br /> <br /> // Index následujícího zapisovaného sloupce.<br /> // WIDTH znamená, že je buffer plný.<br /> <br /> uint8_t writeColumn = 0;<br /> <br /> uint8_t devAddr = 80;<br /> uint32_t startupDisplayTime = 0;<br /> bool startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Font 3x5 pro úvodní zobrazení adresy<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> // Každý znak má 3 sloupce, každý sloupec obsahuje 5 bitů.<br /> // Bit 0 = horní pixel.<br /> <br /> const uint8_t font3x5[][3] = {<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x1F}, // 0<br /> {0x00, 0x1F, 0x00}, // 1<br /> {0x1D, 0x15, 0x17}, // 2<br /> {0x15, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 3<br /> {0x07, 0x04, 0x1F}, // 4<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 5<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 6<br /> {0x01, 0x01, 0x1F}, // 7<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 8<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 9<br /> {0x1E, 0x05, 0x1E}, // A<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x0A}, // B<br /> {0x0E, 0x11, 0x11}, // C<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x0E}, // D<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x11}, // E<br /> {0x1F, 0x05, 0x01}, // F<br /> {0x14, 0x08, 0x14} // x<br /> };<br /> <br /> // Vymazání obrazového bufferu.<br /> void clearBuffer() {<br /> memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Vykreslení jednoho znaku 3x5.<br /> void drawChar(uint8_t index, uint8_t x, uint8_t y) {<br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++) {<br /> uint8_t bits = font3x5[index][col];<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++) {<br /> if (x + col &lt; WIDTH &amp;&amp; y + row &lt; HEIGHT) {<br /> buffer[y + row][x + col] = (bits &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zobrazení adresy, například 0x83.<br /> void showDeviceAddress() {<br /> clearBuffer();<br /> <br /> char text[5];<br /> snprintf(text, sizeof(text), &quot;%02X&quot;, devAddr);<br /> <br /> // Text tvoří 0, x a dvě hexadecimální číslice.<br /> // Šířka: 4 znaky * 3 pixely + 3 mezery = 15 pixelů.<br /> // Začátek je vypočítán pro vodorovné vycentrování.<br /> uint8_t x = (WIDTH - 15) / 2;<br /> uint8_t y = (HEIGHT - 5) / 2;<br /> <br /> drawChar(0, x, y); // 0<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> drawChar(16, x, y); // x<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t i = 0; i &lt; 2; i++) {<br /> char c = text[i];<br /> <br /> uint8_t index;<br /> if (c &gt;= '0' &amp;&amp; c &lt;= '9') {<br /> index = c - '0';<br /> } else {<br /> index = c - 'A' + 10;<br /> }<br /> <br /> drawChar(index, x, y);<br /> x += 4;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Příjem dat ze sériového portu<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void processSerial() {<br /> <br /> while (Serial.available() &gt; 0) {<br /> <br /> uint8_t data = Serial.read();<br /> <br /> // Bajty s nejvyšším bitem 1 jsou příkazy.<br /> if (data &amp; 0x80) {<br /> <br /> // Jediný podporovaný příkaz: reset adresy zápisu pokud je prijat devAddr.<br /> if (data == devAddr) {<br /> writeColumn = 0;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Ostatní ignorovat<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Pokud je buffer plný, další data ignorovat.<br /> if (writeColumn &gt;= WIDTH) {<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zapsat všech 7 bitů do aktuálního sloupce.<br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; HEIGHT; row++) {<br /> <br /> buffer[row][writeColumn] = (data &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Připravit následující sloupec.<br /> writeColumn++;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Výběr řádku přes 74LS138<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void selectRow(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, (row &amp; 0x01) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, (row &amp; 0x02) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, (row &amp; 0x04) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Zápis sloupců do dvou A6276E<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void writeColumns(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> uint32_t word = 0;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; WIDTH; col++) {<br /> <br /> if (buffer[row][col]) {<br /> word |= (1UL &lt;&lt; col);<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, LOW);<br /> <br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 24) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer(word &amp; 0xFF);<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Multiplexní obsluha displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> uint8_t currentRow = 0;<br /> uint32_t lastRowChange = 0;<br /> <br /> void refreshDisplay() {<br /> <br /> uint32_t now = micros();<br /> <br /> if ((uint32_t)(now - lastRowChange) &lt; ROW_TIME_US) {<br /> return;<br /> }<br /> <br /> lastRowChange = now;<br /> <br /> // 1. Zhasnout výstupy během změny řádku.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 2. Zakázat dekodér.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 3. Zapsat data pro aktuální řádek.<br /> writeColumns(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 4. Vybrat řádek.<br /> selectRow(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 5. Povolit řádek.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 6. Povolit výstupy LED driverů.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 7. Připravit následující řádek.<br /> currentRow++;<br /> <br /> if (currentRow &gt;= HEIGHT) {<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Inicializace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void setup() {<br /> // Sériová komunikace 115200 baud.<br /> Serial.begin(SERIAL_BAUD);<br /> <br /> // SPI pro LED drivery.<br /> SPI.begin();<br /> <br /> SPI.beginTransaction(<br /> SPISettings(SPI_SPEED, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0)<br /> );<br /> <br /> // Konfigurace pinů.<br /> pinMode(PIN_LATCH, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_OE, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S0, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S1, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S2, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_EN, OUTPUT);<br /> <br /> // Displej při inicializaci zhasnout.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, LOW);<br /> <br /> // buffer pointer je po resetu nastaven na WIDTH aby se ignorovala data dokud nedojde odpovidajici devaddr<br /> writeColumn = WIDTH;<br /> <br /> // Okamžitá první obnova displeje.<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> lastRowChange = micros() - ROW_TIME_US;<br /> <br /> // Adresa zarizeni z EEPROM z adresy 0<br /> devAddr = EEPROM.read(0) | 0x80; //nacist adresu z eeprom a ujistit se ze bude &gt;=0x80<br /> <br /> showDeviceAddress();<br /> <br /> startupDisplayTime = millis();<br /> startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Hlavní smyčka<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void loop() {<br /> <br /> if (!startupDisplayActive) {<br /> processSerial();<br /> } else if ((uint32_t)(millis() - startupDisplayTime) &gt;= 3000) {<br /> // Po 3 sekundách odstranit uvidni screen s adresou a zacit prijimat data<br /> startupDisplayActive = false;<br /> clearBuffer(); <br /> }<br /> <br /> // obnovovat displej<br /> refreshDisplay();<br /> }<br /> <br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> You need MightyCore in your arduino https://github.com/MCUdude/Mightycore and here is the arduino configuration<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_arduino_cfg.png]]<br /> <br /> Also here is the compiled firmware in .hex (sorry wiki does not let me to upload it as file)...<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;hexdump&quot;&gt;<br /> :100000000C9465000C948D000C948D000C948D0064<br /> :100010000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D002C<br /> :100020000C948D000C94A9020C948D000C94770212<br /> :100030000C9451020C948D000C948D000C948D0046<br /> :100040000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D00FC<br /> :100050000C948D0000000002000000000000000071<br /> :100060000504000700000000000000000000000080<br /> :100070000000000000003B003800350032000000A6<br /> :100080003A0037003400310002020202020202028A<br /> :100090000404040404040404030303030303030328<br /> 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THE ISP HEADER USE NON-STANDARD PINOUT - DO NOT PLUG STANDARD USBASP CABLE, YOU NEED TO PIN THESE ACCORDING TO SCHEMATIC OTHERWISE USBASP POWER WILL BE SHORTED !!!<br /> <br /> * install avrdude<br /> * connect USBasp and panel power supply<br /> * verify that you can communicate with the atmega over USBasp &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16&lt;/code&gt; that should say &quot;device signature = 0x1e9403 (probably m16)&quot;<br /> * erase the locked atmega16 using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -e&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the fuses (16MHz xtal, 4V BOD, jtag off, preserved EEPROM on chip erase, ISP allowed) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U lfuse:w:0x3f:m -U hfuse:w:0xc7:m&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the device address (needs to be in range 0x80-0xFF) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&lt;/code&gt; replace 0x80 with desired address<br /> * write and verify the firmware using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U flash:w:firmware.hex:i&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * done<br /> <br /> == Show something on the screen ==<br /> Here are some bash examples (to be easy to understand) how to display something on the screen.<br /> <br /> === This example shows the &quot;base48&quot; text on screen with address 0x80 ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|base48 rulezz]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu: 115200 baud, 8N1<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Odeslat příkaz 0x80 a grafická data.<br /> # Každý znak má 4 sloupce, mezi znaky je jeden prázdný sloupec.<br /> # Bit 0 = horní LED, bit 6 = spodní LED.<br /> <br /> printf '\x80\x7F\x48\x48\x30\x00\x20\x54\x54\x78\x00\x48\x54\x54\x20\x00\x38\x54\x54\x18\x00\x18\x14\x12\x7F\x00\x36\x49\x49\x36\x00' &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> === This example shows simple clock on screen with address 0x80 ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_clock.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED panel 30x7 showing clock]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Font číslic 3x5<br /> declare -a FONT=(<br /> &quot;111 101 101 101 111&quot; # 0<br /> &quot;010 110 010 010 111&quot; # 1<br /> &quot;111 001 111 100 111&quot; # 2<br /> &quot;111 001 111 001 111&quot; # 3<br /> &quot;101 101 111 001 001&quot; # 4<br /> &quot;111 100 111 001 111&quot; # 5<br /> &quot;111 100 111 101 111&quot; # 6<br /> &quot;111 001 010 010 010&quot; # 7<br /> &quot;111 101 111 101 111&quot; # 8<br /> &quot;111 101 111 001 111&quot; # 9<br /> )<br /> <br /> # Vykreslení číslice do sloupcového bufferu.<br /> # Číslice má šířku 3 a výšku 5 LED.<br /> # Začíná na řádku 1, takže je na displeji vystředěná.<br /> <br /> draw_digit() {<br /> local digit=$1<br /> local x=$2<br /> local row col bits<br /> local -a rows<br /> <br /> read -ra rows &lt;&lt;&lt; &quot;${FONT[$digit]}&quot;<br /> <br /> for ((row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++)); do<br /> for ((col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++)); do<br /> if [[ ${rows[$row]:$col:1} == 1 ]]; then<br /> ((bits = 1 &lt;&lt; (row + 1)))<br /> ((columns[x + col] |= bits))<br /> fi<br /> done<br /> done<br /> }<br /> <br /> # Nekonečná smyčka hodin<br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # Získat aktuální čas počítače<br /> time=$(date '+%H%M%S')<br /> <br /> # Vymazat obrazový buffer<br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> columns[i]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Rozložení HH:MM:SS<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:0:1}&quot; 2<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:1:1}&quot; 6<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[10] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:2:1}&quot; 12<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:3:1}&quot; 16<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[20] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:4:1}&quot; 22<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:5:1}&quot; 26<br /> # Sestavit příkaz 0x83 a všech 30 sloupců.<br /> # Data jsou zatím reprezentována jako escape sekvence,<br /> # aby fungovaly i bajty s hodnotou 0x00.<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[i]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Odeslat celý obraz jedním printf<br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> # Aktualizace přibližně jednou za sekundu<br /> sleep 1<br /> <br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> === Here is a simple pong game for two players controlled with keys Q, A, P, L ===<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_pong.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|pong game on LED panel 30x7]]<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> WIDTH=30<br /> HEIGHT=7<br /> DELAY=0.05<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Uložení nastavení terminálu a povolení čtení kláves bez Enteru<br /> OLD_STTY=$(stty -g) || exit 1<br /> restore_terminal() {<br /> stty &quot;$OLD_STTY&quot;<br /> }<br /> trap restore_terminal EXIT INT TERM<br /> <br /> stty -echo -icanon min 0 time 0<br /> <br /> # Počáteční pozice pálek<br /> left_paddle=3<br /> right_paddle=3<br /> <br /> # Inicializace hry<br /> new_game() {<br /> ball_x=15<br /> ball_y=3<br /> <br /> # Náhodný směr míčku<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vx=1<br /> else<br /> vx=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> }<br /> <br /> new_game<br /> <br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Čtení kláves<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> while IFS= read -r -s -n 1 -t 0.001 key; do<br /> case &quot;$key&quot; in<br /> q|Q)<br /> ((left_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> a|A)<br /> ((left_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> p|P)<br /> ((right_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> l|L)<br /> ((right_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> $'\003')<br /> exit 0<br /> ;;<br /> esac<br /> done<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Výpočet nové pozice míčku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> next_x=$((ball_x + vx))<br /> next_y=$((ball_y + vy))<br /> <br /> # Odraz od horní a dolní hrany<br /> if ((next_y &lt; 0)); then<br /> next_y=1<br /> vy=1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt;= HEIGHT)); then<br /> next_y=$((HEIGHT - 2))<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Levá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &lt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &lt;= 0)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= left_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= left_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl levou pálku<br /> next_x=1<br /> vx=1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> # Zásah doprostřed: náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí levé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &gt;= WIDTH - 1)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= right_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= right_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl pravou pálku<br /> next_x=$((WIDTH - 2))<br /> vx=-1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí pravé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Uložení pozice míčku<br /> ball_x=$next_x<br /> ball_y=$next_y<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Vykreslení snímku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> columns[x]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Levá pálka<br /> for ((y = left_paddle - 1; y &lt;= left_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[0] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> for ((y = right_paddle - 1; y &lt;= right_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[WIDTH - 1] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Míček<br /> ((columns[ball_x] |= 1 &lt;&lt; ball_y))<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Odeslání snímku displeji<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[x]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> sleep &quot;$DELAY&quot;<br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=File:LED_panel_30x7_pong.jpg&diff=5723 File:LED panel 30x7 pong.jpg 2026-10-29T00:47:13Z <p>Buger: pong on LED panel 30x7</p> <hr /> <div>== Summary ==<br /> pong on LED panel 30x7</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=File:LED_panel_30x7_clock.jpg&diff=5722 File:LED panel 30x7 clock.jpg 2026-10-29T00:44:28Z <p>Buger: clock on 30x7 LED panel</p> <hr /> <div>== Summary ==<br /> clock on 30x7 LED panel</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=LED_Panel_30x7&diff=5721 LED Panel 30x7 2026-10-29T00:37:16Z <p>Buger: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Project<br /> |name=LED Panel 30x7<br /> |image=LED_panel_30x7.jpg<br /> |founder=Buger<br /> |status=active<br /> |tags=hw<br /> |shortdesc=LED Panels 30x7 - make them working<br /> |created=2026-28-10<br /> }}<br /> = What is this about =<br /> This project is about to make these LED panels working. We got them for free including power supplies and some cables, however the communication protocol is unknown. <br /> <br /> To be able to use them we need to find out the protocol, or make our own firmware.<br /> <br /> = Hack the protocol! =<br /> The device is equipped with pair of XLR connectors connected in parallel suggesting use of DMX or RS485 protocol with daisy-chaining in mind, also the vendor (https://www.srs-group.com) is making a lot of DMX stuff, however I tried to send it DMX data on all 512 channels but no luck. I also tried to send it RS485 data in various formats, baudrates, etc - nothing worked.<br /> <br /> I also tried to read the firmware of the main controller (atmega16) but its locked (as usual).<br /> <br /> So I deciced to go &quot;my firmware&quot; way...<br /> <br /> = Make our own firmware =<br /> To be able to make our own firmware we need to know how this works - so I spent couple of hours reverse engineering the control board so we have the schematic <br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_schematic.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED &amp; driver layout]]<br /> <br /> Then I used money of the US tax payers (free chatgpt AI) to make the firmware for atmega16 in arduino with the MightyCore atmega16 support. I told him where and how are the shift registers and row decoders connected, his first task was just to display &quot;base48&quot; text... He did it... Then I asked him to add very simple serial protocol that whill wait for device address and then starts to receive graphics data column by column... And that worked too. <br /> <br /> After some polishing here is the firmware that:<br /> * on power up it reads device address from EEPROM address 0<br /> * shows the device address for 3 seconds on the screen<br /> * then screen is cleared and it waits for serial data (115200, 8N1)<br /> * it ignores all data until device address is received<br /> * after it receives its address, it starts to receive graphics data and resets the column counter<br /> * because each colum of display consists of 7 LEDs, I decided that all bytes with 0 in the most significant bit (0x0-0x7F) will represent graphics data (simply each bit corresponds to LED in the column) and all with 1 in this bit (0x80-0xFF) will represent device address<br /> * therefore the device address needs to be in 0x80-0xFF range, this way we can handle up to 128 devices on the same bus<br /> * after each received graphics byte column counter is incremented<br /> * therefore if the device address its for example 0x80, you need to send 0x80, 0x7F, 0x7F, ... and 28 more 0x7Fs to make all LEDs on the panel lid up<br /> * the device ignores all bytes &gt;=0x80 if they are not its device address<br /> * the device ignores all graphics data if end of display was reached (means all 30 columns received)<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;arduino&quot;&gt;<br /> #include &lt;SPI.h&gt;<br /> #include &lt;EEPROM.h&gt;<br /> <br /> // device address is stored in eeprom on address 0 and should be &gt;=0x80<br /> // to change it run &quot;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&quot; and replace 0x80 with your address<br /> <br /> // graphics data = all bytes from serial &lt; 0x80 (as we have only 7 LEDs)<br /> // when device address is received on serial = start receiving graphics data to display buffer<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Konfigurace pinů – ATmega16, MightyCore std pipnout<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t PIN_LATCH = 21; // PC5<br /> const uint8_t PIN_OE = 20; // PC4<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S0 = 16; // PC0<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S1 = 17; // PC1<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S2 = 18; // PC2<br /> const uint8_t PIN_EN = 19; // PC3<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SPI_SPEED = 16000000; //drivery by mely fungovat do 20MHz<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Parametry displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t WIDTH = 30;<br /> const uint8_t HEIGHT = 7;<br /> <br /> const uint32_t ROW_TIME_US = 1000;<br /> <br /> const uint8_t DECODER_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t DECODER_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Sériová komunikace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SERIAL_BAUD = 115200;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Obrazová paměť<br /> //<br /> // buffer[row][column]<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> bool buffer[HEIGHT][WIDTH];<br /> <br /> // Index následujícího zapisovaného sloupce.<br /> // WIDTH znamená, že je buffer plný.<br /> <br /> uint8_t writeColumn = 0;<br /> <br /> uint8_t devAddr = 80;<br /> uint32_t startupDisplayTime = 0;<br /> bool startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Font 3x5 pro úvodní zobrazení adresy<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> // Každý znak má 3 sloupce, každý sloupec obsahuje 5 bitů.<br /> // Bit 0 = horní pixel.<br /> <br /> const uint8_t font3x5[][3] = {<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x1F}, // 0<br /> {0x00, 0x1F, 0x00}, // 1<br /> {0x1D, 0x15, 0x17}, // 2<br /> {0x15, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 3<br /> {0x07, 0x04, 0x1F}, // 4<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 5<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 6<br /> {0x01, 0x01, 0x1F}, // 7<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 8<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 9<br /> {0x1E, 0x05, 0x1E}, // A<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x0A}, // B<br /> {0x0E, 0x11, 0x11}, // C<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x0E}, // D<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x11}, // E<br /> {0x1F, 0x05, 0x01}, // F<br /> {0x14, 0x08, 0x14} // x<br /> };<br /> <br /> // Vymazání obrazového bufferu.<br /> void clearBuffer() {<br /> memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Vykreslení jednoho znaku 3x5.<br /> void drawChar(uint8_t index, uint8_t x, uint8_t y) {<br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++) {<br /> uint8_t bits = font3x5[index][col];<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++) {<br /> if (x + col &lt; WIDTH &amp;&amp; y + row &lt; HEIGHT) {<br /> buffer[y + row][x + col] = (bits &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zobrazení adresy, například 0x83.<br /> void showDeviceAddress() {<br /> clearBuffer();<br /> <br /> char text[5];<br /> snprintf(text, sizeof(text), &quot;%02X&quot;, devAddr);<br /> <br /> // Text tvoří 0, x a dvě hexadecimální číslice.<br /> // Šířka: 4 znaky * 3 pixely + 3 mezery = 15 pixelů.<br /> // Začátek je vypočítán pro vodorovné vycentrování.<br /> uint8_t x = (WIDTH - 15) / 2;<br /> uint8_t y = (HEIGHT - 5) / 2;<br /> <br /> drawChar(0, x, y); // 0<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> drawChar(16, x, y); // x<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t i = 0; i &lt; 2; i++) {<br /> char c = text[i];<br /> <br /> uint8_t index;<br /> if (c &gt;= '0' &amp;&amp; c &lt;= '9') {<br /> index = c - '0';<br /> } else {<br /> index = c - 'A' + 10;<br /> }<br /> <br /> drawChar(index, x, y);<br /> x += 4;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Příjem dat ze sériového portu<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void processSerial() {<br /> <br /> while (Serial.available() &gt; 0) {<br /> <br /> uint8_t data = Serial.read();<br /> <br /> // Bajty s nejvyšším bitem 1 jsou příkazy.<br /> if (data &amp; 0x80) {<br /> <br /> // Jediný podporovaný příkaz: reset adresy zápisu pokud je prijat devAddr.<br /> if (data == devAddr) {<br /> writeColumn = 0;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Ostatní ignorovat<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Pokud je buffer plný, další data ignorovat.<br /> if (writeColumn &gt;= WIDTH) {<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zapsat všech 7 bitů do aktuálního sloupce.<br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; HEIGHT; row++) {<br /> <br /> buffer[row][writeColumn] = (data &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Připravit následující sloupec.<br /> writeColumn++;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Výběr řádku přes 74LS138<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void selectRow(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, (row &amp; 0x01) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, (row &amp; 0x02) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, (row &amp; 0x04) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Zápis sloupců do dvou A6276E<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void writeColumns(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> uint32_t word = 0;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; WIDTH; col++) {<br /> <br /> if (buffer[row][col]) {<br /> word |= (1UL &lt;&lt; col);<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, LOW);<br /> <br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 24) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer(word &amp; 0xFF);<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Multiplexní obsluha displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> uint8_t currentRow = 0;<br /> uint32_t lastRowChange = 0;<br /> <br /> void refreshDisplay() {<br /> <br /> uint32_t now = micros();<br /> <br /> if ((uint32_t)(now - lastRowChange) &lt; ROW_TIME_US) {<br /> return;<br /> }<br /> <br /> lastRowChange = now;<br /> <br /> // 1. Zhasnout výstupy během změny řádku.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 2. Zakázat dekodér.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 3. Zapsat data pro aktuální řádek.<br /> writeColumns(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 4. Vybrat řádek.<br /> selectRow(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 5. Povolit řádek.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 6. Povolit výstupy LED driverů.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 7. Připravit následující řádek.<br /> currentRow++;<br /> <br /> if (currentRow &gt;= HEIGHT) {<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Inicializace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void setup() {<br /> // Sériová komunikace 115200 baud.<br /> Serial.begin(SERIAL_BAUD);<br /> <br /> // SPI pro LED drivery.<br /> SPI.begin();<br /> <br /> SPI.beginTransaction(<br /> SPISettings(SPI_SPEED, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0)<br /> );<br /> <br /> // Konfigurace pinů.<br /> pinMode(PIN_LATCH, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_OE, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S0, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S1, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S2, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_EN, OUTPUT);<br /> <br /> // Displej při inicializaci zhasnout.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, LOW);<br /> <br /> // buffer pointer je po resetu nastaven na WIDTH aby se ignorovala data dokud nedojde odpovidajici devaddr<br /> writeColumn = WIDTH;<br /> <br /> // Okamžitá první obnova displeje.<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> lastRowChange = micros() - ROW_TIME_US;<br /> <br /> // Adresa zarizeni z EEPROM z adresy 0<br /> devAddr = EEPROM.read(0) | 0x80; //nacist adresu z eeprom a ujistit se ze bude &gt;=0x80<br /> <br /> showDeviceAddress();<br /> <br /> startupDisplayTime = millis();<br /> startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Hlavní smyčka<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void loop() {<br /> <br /> if (!startupDisplayActive) {<br /> processSerial();<br /> } else if ((uint32_t)(millis() - startupDisplayTime) &gt;= 3000) {<br /> // Po 3 sekundách odstranit uvidni screen s adresou a zacit prijimat data<br /> startupDisplayActive = false;<br /> clearBuffer(); <br /> }<br /> <br /> // obnovovat displej<br /> refreshDisplay();<br /> }<br /> <br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> You need MightyCore in your arduino https://github.com/MCUdude/Mightycore and here is the arduino configuration<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_arduino_cfg.png]]<br /> <br /> Also here is the compiled firmware in .hex (sorry wiki does not let me to upload is as file...<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;hexdump&quot;&gt;<br /> :100000000C9465000C948D000C948D000C948D0064<br /> :100010000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D002C<br /> :100020000C948D000C94A9020C948D000C94770212<br /> :100030000C9451020C948D000C948D000C948D0046<br /> :100040000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D00FC<br /> :100050000C948D0000000002000000000000000071<br /> :100060000504000700000000000000000000000080<br /> :100070000000000000003B003800350032000000A6<br /> :100080003A0037003400310002020202020202028A<br /> :100090000404040404040404030303030303030328<br /> 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:100E600039073CF4E881F981CF01019699838883A1<br /> :100E700010838E819F8101969F838E83E3CFE885C7<br /> :100E8000F985812F0995892BA1F3DACFFA01AA27D9<br /> :100E9000283051F1203181F1E8946F936E7F6E5FBD<br /> :100EA0007F4F8F4F9F4FAF4FB1E03ED0B4E03CD06B<br /> :100EB000670F781F891F9A1FA11D680F791F8A1F4E<br /> :100EC000911DA11D6A0F711D811D911DA11D20D0B5<br /> :100ED00009F468943F912AE0269F11243019305D6F<br /> :100EE0003193DEF6CF010895462F4770405D419360<br /> :100EF000B3E00FD0C9F7F6CF462F4F70405D4A33AD<br /> :100F000018F0495D31FD4052419302D0A9F7EACF74<br /> :100F1000B4E0A6959795879577956795BA95C9F7A3<br /> :100F200000976105710508959B01AC010A2E069496<br /> :100F30005795479537952795BA95C9F7620F731F4F<br /> :100F4000841F951FA01D0895E199FECF9FBB8EBB06<br /> :100F5000E09A99278DB308952F923F924F925F9216<br /> :100F60006F927F928F929F92AF92BF92CF92DF92B9<br /> :100F7000EF92FF920F931F93CF93DF93CDB7DEB71E<br /> :100F8000CA1BDB0B0FB6F894DEBF0FBECDBF0994B2<br /> :100F90002A88398848885F846E847D848C849B8409<br /> :100FA000AA84B984C884DF80EE80FD800C811B8117<br /> :100FB000AA81B981CE0FD11D0FB6F894DEBF0FBE46<br /> :100FC000CDBFED010895EE0FFF1F0590F491E02DC8<br /> :100FD0000994AEE0B0E0EFEEF7E00C94BA070D89AB<br /> :100FE0001E898F89988D26E02C831A83098397FFA9<br /> :100FF00002C080E090E801979E838D83AE01455E3C<br /> :101000005F4F698D7A8DCE0101960E9426054D8134<br /> :101010005E8157FD0AC02F813885421753070CF4B3<br /> :101020009A01020F131FF80110822E96E4E00C942F<br /> :06103000D607F894FFCF83<br /> :101036005001000000007B01DC000901C7013A01F4<br /> :1010460018012C011F111F001F001D151715151F54<br /> :1010560007041F17151D1F151D01011F1F151F173B<br /> :10106600151F1E051E1F150A0E11111F110E1F1525<br /> :0C107600111F0501140814253032580029<br /> :00000001FF<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> == Flash the FW into the panel ==<br /> You need programmer able to program atmega16 MCUs in DIP40 packages, luckily there is ISP header on the control borad, so I used cheap USBasp to do that.<br /> <br /> !!! THE ISP HEADER USE NON-STANDARD PINOUT - DO NOT PLUG STANDARD USBASP CABLE, YOU NEED TO PIN THESE ACCORDING TO SCHEMATIC OTHERWISE USBASP POWER WILL BE SHORTED !!!<br /> <br /> * install avrdude<br /> * connect USBasp and panel power supply<br /> * verify that you can communicate with the atmega over USBasp &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16&lt;/code&gt; that should say &quot;device signature = 0x1e9403 (probably m16)&quot;<br /> * erase the locked atmega16 using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -e&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the fuses (16MHz xtal, 4V BOD, jtag off, preserved EEPROM on chip erase, ISP allowed) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U lfuse:w:0x3f:m -U hfuse:w:0xc7:m&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the device address (needs to be in range 0x80-0xFF) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&lt;/code&gt; replace 0x80 with desired address<br /> * write and verify the firmware using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U flash:w:firmware.hex:i&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * done<br /> <br /> == Show something on the screen ==<br /> Here are some bash examples (to be easy to understand) how to display something on the screen.<br /> <br /> This example shows the &quot;base48&quot; text on screen with address 0x80:<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu: 115200 baud, 8N1<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Odeslat příkaz 0x80 a grafická data.<br /> # Každý znak má 4 sloupce, mezi znaky je jeden prázdný sloupec.<br /> # Bit 0 = horní LED, bit 6 = spodní LED.<br /> <br /> printf '\x80\x7F\x48\x48\x30\x00\x20\x54\x54\x78\x00\x48\x54\x54\x20\x00\x38\x54\x54\x18\x00\x18\x14\x12\x7F\x00\x36\x49\x49\x36\x00' &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> This example shows simple clock on screen with address 0x80<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Font číslic 3x5<br /> declare -a FONT=(<br /> &quot;111 101 101 101 111&quot; # 0<br /> &quot;010 110 010 010 111&quot; # 1<br /> &quot;111 001 111 100 111&quot; # 2<br /> &quot;111 001 111 001 111&quot; # 3<br /> &quot;101 101 111 001 001&quot; # 4<br /> &quot;111 100 111 001 111&quot; # 5<br /> &quot;111 100 111 101 111&quot; # 6<br /> &quot;111 001 010 010 010&quot; # 7<br /> &quot;111 101 111 101 111&quot; # 8<br /> &quot;111 101 111 001 111&quot; # 9<br /> )<br /> <br /> # Vykreslení číslice do sloupcového bufferu.<br /> # Číslice má šířku 3 a výšku 5 LED.<br /> # Začíná na řádku 1, takže je na displeji vystředěná.<br /> <br /> draw_digit() {<br /> local digit=$1<br /> local x=$2<br /> local row col bits<br /> local -a rows<br /> <br /> read -ra rows &lt;&lt;&lt; &quot;${FONT[$digit]}&quot;<br /> <br /> for ((row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++)); do<br /> for ((col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++)); do<br /> if [[ ${rows[$row]:$col:1} == 1 ]]; then<br /> ((bits = 1 &lt;&lt; (row + 1)))<br /> ((columns[x + col] |= bits))<br /> fi<br /> done<br /> done<br /> }<br /> <br /> # Nekonečná smyčka hodin<br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # Získat aktuální čas počítače<br /> time=$(date '+%H%M%S')<br /> <br /> # Vymazat obrazový buffer<br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> columns[i]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Rozložení HH:MM:SS<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:0:1}&quot; 2<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:1:1}&quot; 6<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[10] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:2:1}&quot; 12<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:3:1}&quot; 16<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[20] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:4:1}&quot; 22<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:5:1}&quot; 26<br /> # Sestavit příkaz 0x83 a všech 30 sloupců.<br /> # Data jsou zatím reprezentována jako escape sekvence,<br /> # aby fungovaly i bajty s hodnotou 0x00.<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[i]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Odeslat celý obraz jedním printf<br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> # Aktualizace přibližně jednou za sekundu<br /> sleep 1<br /> <br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> Here is a simple pong game for two players controlled with keys Q, A, P, L...<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> WIDTH=30<br /> HEIGHT=7<br /> DELAY=0.05<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Uložení nastavení terminálu a povolení čtení kláves bez Enteru<br /> OLD_STTY=$(stty -g) || exit 1<br /> restore_terminal() {<br /> stty &quot;$OLD_STTY&quot;<br /> }<br /> trap restore_terminal EXIT INT TERM<br /> <br /> stty -echo -icanon min 0 time 0<br /> <br /> # Počáteční pozice pálek<br /> left_paddle=3<br /> right_paddle=3<br /> <br /> # Inicializace hry<br /> new_game() {<br /> ball_x=15<br /> ball_y=3<br /> <br /> # Náhodný směr míčku<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vx=1<br /> else<br /> vx=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> }<br /> <br /> new_game<br /> <br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Čtení kláves<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> while IFS= read -r -s -n 1 -t 0.001 key; do<br /> case &quot;$key&quot; in<br /> q|Q)<br /> ((left_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> a|A)<br /> ((left_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> p|P)<br /> ((right_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> l|L)<br /> ((right_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> $'\003')<br /> exit 0<br /> ;;<br /> esac<br /> done<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Výpočet nové pozice míčku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> next_x=$((ball_x + vx))<br /> next_y=$((ball_y + vy))<br /> <br /> # Odraz od horní a dolní hrany<br /> if ((next_y &lt; 0)); then<br /> next_y=1<br /> vy=1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt;= HEIGHT)); then<br /> next_y=$((HEIGHT - 2))<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Levá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &lt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &lt;= 0)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= left_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= left_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl levou pálku<br /> next_x=1<br /> vx=1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> # Zásah doprostřed: náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí levé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &gt;= WIDTH - 1)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= right_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= right_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl pravou pálku<br /> next_x=$((WIDTH - 2))<br /> vx=-1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí pravé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Uložení pozice míčku<br /> ball_x=$next_x<br /> ball_y=$next_y<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Vykreslení snímku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> columns[x]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Levá pálka<br /> for ((y = left_paddle - 1; y &lt;= left_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[0] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> for ((y = right_paddle - 1; y &lt;= right_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[WIDTH - 1] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Míček<br /> ((columns[ball_x] |= 1 &lt;&lt; ball_y))<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Odeslání snímku displeji<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[x]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> sleep &quot;$DELAY&quot;<br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=LED_Panel_30x7&diff=5720 LED Panel 30x7 2026-10-29T00:35:44Z <p>Buger: first usable version</p> <hr /> <div>{{Project<br /> |name=LED Panel 30x7<br /> |image=LED_panel_30x7.jpg<br /> |founder=Buger<br /> |status=active<br /> |tags=hw<br /> |shortdesc=LED Panels 30x7 - make them working<br /> |created=2026-28-10<br /> }}<br /> = What is this about =<br /> This project is about to make these LED panels working. We got them for free including power supplies and some cables, however the communication protocol is unknown. <br /> <br /> To be able to use them we need to find out the protocol, or make our own firmware.<br /> <br /> = Hack the protocol! =<br /> The device is equipped with pair of XLR connectors connected in parallel suggesting use of DMX or RS485 protocol with daisy-chaining in mind, also the vendor (https://www.srs-group.com) is making a lot of DMX stuff, however I tried to send it DMX data on all 512 channels but no luck. I also tried to send it RS485 data in various formats, baudrates, etc - nothing worked.<br /> <br /> I also tried to read the firmware of the main controller (atmega16) but its locked (as usual).<br /> <br /> So I deciced to go &quot;my firmware&quot; way...<br /> <br /> = Make our own firmware =<br /> To be able to make our own firmware we need to know how this works - so I spent couple of hours reverse engineering the control board so we have the schematic <br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_schematic.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED &amp; driver layout]]<br /> <br /> Then I used money of the US tax payers (free chatgpt AI) to make the firmware for atmega16 in arduino with the MightyCore atmega16 support. I told him where and how are the shift registers and row decoders connected, his first task was just to display &quot;base48&quot; text... He did it... Then I asked him to add very simple serial protocol that whill wait for device address and then starts to receive graphics data column by column... And that worked too. <br /> <br /> After some polishing here is the firmware that:<br /> * on power up it reads device address from EEPROM address 0<br /> * shows the device address for 3 seconds on the screen<br /> * then screen is cleared and it waits for serial data (115200, 8N1)<br /> * it ignores all data until device address is received<br /> * after it receives its address, it starts to receive graphics data and resets the column counter<br /> * because each colum of display consists of 7 LEDs, I decided that all bytes with 0 in the most significant bit (0x0-0x7F) will represent graphics data (simply each bit corresponds to LED in the column) and all with 1 in this bit (0x80-0xFF) will represent device address<br /> * therefore the device address needs to be in 0x80-0xFF range, this way we can handle up to 128 devices on the same bus<br /> * after each received graphics byte column counter is incremented<br /> * therefore if the device address its for example 0x80, you need to send 0x80, 0x7F, 0x7F, ... and 28 more 0x7Fs to make all LEDs on the panel lid up<br /> * the device ignores all bytes &gt;=0x80 if they are not its device address<br /> * the device ignores all graphics data if end of display was reached (means all 30 columns received)<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;arduino&quot;&gt;<br /> #include &lt;SPI.h&gt;<br /> #include &lt;EEPROM.h&gt;<br /> <br /> // device address is stored in eeprom on address 0 and should be &gt;=0x80<br /> // to change it run &quot;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&quot; and replace 0x80 with your address<br /> <br /> // graphics data = all bytes from serial &lt; 0x80 (as we have only 7 LEDs)<br /> // when device address is received on serial = start receiving graphics data to display buffer<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Konfigurace pinů – ATmega16, MightyCore std pipnout<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t PIN_LATCH = 21; // PC5<br /> const uint8_t PIN_OE = 20; // PC4<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S0 = 16; // PC0<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S1 = 17; // PC1<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S2 = 18; // PC2<br /> const uint8_t PIN_EN = 19; // PC3<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SPI_SPEED = 16000000; //drivery by mely fungovat do 20MHz<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Parametry displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t WIDTH = 30;<br /> const uint8_t HEIGHT = 7;<br /> <br /> const uint32_t ROW_TIME_US = 1000;<br /> <br /> const uint8_t DECODER_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t DECODER_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Sériová komunikace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SERIAL_BAUD = 115200;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Obrazová paměť<br /> //<br /> // buffer[row][column]<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> bool buffer[HEIGHT][WIDTH];<br /> <br /> // Index následujícího zapisovaného sloupce.<br /> // WIDTH znamená, že je buffer plný.<br /> <br /> uint8_t writeColumn = 0;<br /> <br /> uint8_t devAddr = 80;<br /> uint32_t startupDisplayTime = 0;<br /> bool startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Font 3x5 pro úvodní zobrazení adresy<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> // Každý znak má 3 sloupce, každý sloupec obsahuje 5 bitů.<br /> // Bit 0 = horní pixel.<br /> <br /> const uint8_t font3x5[][3] = {<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x1F}, // 0<br /> {0x00, 0x1F, 0x00}, // 1<br /> {0x1D, 0x15, 0x17}, // 2<br /> {0x15, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 3<br /> {0x07, 0x04, 0x1F}, // 4<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 5<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 6<br /> {0x01, 0x01, 0x1F}, // 7<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 8<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 9<br /> {0x1E, 0x05, 0x1E}, // A<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x0A}, // B<br /> {0x0E, 0x11, 0x11}, // C<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x0E}, // D<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x11}, // E<br /> {0x1F, 0x05, 0x01}, // F<br /> {0x14, 0x08, 0x14} // x<br /> };<br /> <br /> // Vymazání obrazového bufferu.<br /> void clearBuffer() {<br /> memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Vykreslení jednoho znaku 3x5.<br /> void drawChar(uint8_t index, uint8_t x, uint8_t y) {<br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++) {<br /> uint8_t bits = font3x5[index][col];<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++) {<br /> if (x + col &lt; WIDTH &amp;&amp; y + row &lt; HEIGHT) {<br /> buffer[y + row][x + col] = (bits &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zobrazení adresy, například 0x83.<br /> void showDeviceAddress() {<br /> clearBuffer();<br /> <br /> char text[5];<br /> snprintf(text, sizeof(text), &quot;%02X&quot;, devAddr);<br /> <br /> // Text tvoří 0, x a dvě hexadecimální číslice.<br /> // Šířka: 4 znaky * 3 pixely + 3 mezery = 15 pixelů.<br /> // Začátek je vypočítán pro vodorovné vycentrování.<br /> uint8_t x = (WIDTH - 15) / 2;<br /> uint8_t y = (HEIGHT - 5) / 2;<br /> <br /> drawChar(0, x, y); // 0<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> drawChar(16, x, y); // x<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t i = 0; i &lt; 2; i++) {<br /> char c = text[i];<br /> <br /> uint8_t index;<br /> if (c &gt;= '0' &amp;&amp; c &lt;= '9') {<br /> index = c - '0';<br /> } else {<br /> index = c - 'A' + 10;<br /> }<br /> <br /> drawChar(index, x, y);<br /> x += 4;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Příjem dat ze sériového portu<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void processSerial() {<br /> <br /> while (Serial.available() &gt; 0) {<br /> <br /> uint8_t data = Serial.read();<br /> <br /> // Bajty s nejvyšším bitem 1 jsou příkazy.<br /> if (data &amp; 0x80) {<br /> <br /> // Jediný podporovaný příkaz: reset adresy zápisu pokud je prijat devAddr.<br /> if (data == devAddr) {<br /> writeColumn = 0;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Ostatní ignorovat<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Pokud je buffer plný, další data ignorovat.<br /> if (writeColumn &gt;= WIDTH) {<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zapsat všech 7 bitů do aktuálního sloupce.<br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; HEIGHT; row++) {<br /> <br /> buffer[row][writeColumn] = (data &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Připravit následující sloupec.<br /> writeColumn++;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Výběr řádku přes 74LS138<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void selectRow(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, (row &amp; 0x01) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, (row &amp; 0x02) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, (row &amp; 0x04) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Zápis sloupců do dvou A6276E<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void writeColumns(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> uint32_t word = 0;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; WIDTH; col++) {<br /> <br /> if (buffer[row][col]) {<br /> word |= (1UL &lt;&lt; col);<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, LOW);<br /> <br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 24) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer(word &amp; 0xFF);<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Multiplexní obsluha displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> uint8_t currentRow = 0;<br /> uint32_t lastRowChange = 0;<br /> <br /> void refreshDisplay() {<br /> <br /> uint32_t now = micros();<br /> <br /> if ((uint32_t)(now - lastRowChange) &lt; ROW_TIME_US) {<br /> return;<br /> }<br /> <br /> lastRowChange = now;<br /> <br /> // 1. Zhasnout výstupy během změny řádku.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 2. Zakázat dekodér.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 3. Zapsat data pro aktuální řádek.<br /> writeColumns(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 4. Vybrat řádek.<br /> selectRow(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 5. Povolit řádek.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 6. Povolit výstupy LED driverů.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 7. Připravit následující řádek.<br /> currentRow++;<br /> <br /> if (currentRow &gt;= HEIGHT) {<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Inicializace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void setup() {<br /> // Sériová komunikace 115200 baud.<br /> Serial.begin(SERIAL_BAUD);<br /> <br /> // SPI pro LED drivery.<br /> SPI.begin();<br /> <br /> SPI.beginTransaction(<br /> SPISettings(SPI_SPEED, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0)<br /> );<br /> <br /> // Konfigurace pinů.<br /> pinMode(PIN_LATCH, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_OE, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S0, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S1, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S2, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_EN, OUTPUT);<br /> <br /> // Displej při inicializaci zhasnout.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, LOW);<br /> <br /> // buffer pointer je po resetu nastaven na WIDTH aby se ignorovala data dokud nedojde odpovidajici devaddr<br /> writeColumn = WIDTH;<br /> <br /> // Okamžitá první obnova displeje.<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> lastRowChange = micros() - ROW_TIME_US;<br /> <br /> // Adresa zarizeni z EEPROM z adresy 0<br /> devAddr = EEPROM.read(0) | 0x80; //nacist adresu z eeprom a ujistit se ze bude &gt;=0x80<br /> <br /> showDeviceAddress();<br /> <br /> startupDisplayTime = millis();<br /> startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Hlavní smyčka<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void loop() {<br /> <br /> if (!startupDisplayActive) {<br /> processSerial();<br /> } else if ((uint32_t)(millis() - startupDisplayTime) &gt;= 3000) {<br /> // Po 3 sekundách odstranit uvidni screen s adresou a zacit prijimat data<br /> startupDisplayActive = false;<br /> clearBuffer(); <br /> }<br /> <br /> // obnovovat displej<br /> refreshDisplay();<br /> }<br /> <br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> You need MightyCore in your arduino https://github.com/MCUdude/Mightycore and here is the arduino configuration<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_arduino_cfg.png]]<br /> <br /> Also here is the compiled firmware in .hex (sorry wiki does not let me to upload is as file...<br /> <br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;hexdump&quot;&gt;<br /> :100000000C9465000C948D000C948D000C948D0064<br /> :100010000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D002C<br /> :100020000C948D000C94A9020C948D000C94770212<br /> :100030000C9451020C948D000C948D000C948D0046<br /> :100040000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D00FC<br /> :100050000C948D0000000002000000000000000071<br /> :100060000504000700000000000000000000000080<br /> :100070000000000000003B003800350032000000A6<br /> :100080003A0037003400310002020202020202028A<br /> :100090000404040404040404030303030303030328<br /> 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:100FA000AA84B984C884DF80EE80FD800C811B8117<br /> :100FB000AA81B981CE0FD11D0FB6F894DEBF0FBE46<br /> :100FC000CDBFED010895EE0FFF1F0590F491E02DC8<br /> :100FD0000994AEE0B0E0EFEEF7E00C94BA070D89AB<br /> :100FE0001E898F89988D26E02C831A83098397FFA9<br /> :100FF00002C080E090E801979E838D83AE01455E3C<br /> :101000005F4F698D7A8DCE0101960E9426054D8134<br /> :101010005E8157FD0AC02F813885421753070CF4B3<br /> :101020009A01020F131FF80110822E96E4E00C942F<br /> :06103000D607F894FFCF83<br /> :101036005001000000007B01DC000901C7013A01F4<br /> :1010460018012C011F111F001F001D151715151F54<br /> :1010560007041F17151D1F151D01011F1F151F173B<br /> :10106600151F1E051E1F150A0E11111F110E1F1525<br /> :0C107600111F0501140814253032580029<br /> :00000001FF<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> == Flash the FW into the panel ==<br /> You need programmer able to program atmega16 MCUs&lt;code&gt; in DIP40 packages, luckily there is ISP header on the control borad, so I used cheap USBasp to do that.<br /> <br /> !!! THE ISP HEADER USE NON-STANDARD PINOUT - DO NOT PLUG STANDARD USBASP CABLE, YOU NEED TO PIN THESE ACCORDING TO SCHEMATIC OTHERWISE USBASP POWER WILL BE SHORTED !!!<br /> <br /> * install avrdude<br /> * connect USBasp and panel power supply<br /> * verify that you can communicate with the atmega over USBasp &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16&lt;/code&gt; that should say &quot;device signature = 0x1e9403 (probably m16)&quot;<br /> * erase the locked atmega16 using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -e&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the fuses (16MHz xtal, 4V BOD, jtag off, preserved EEPROM on chip erase, ISP allowed) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U lfuse:w:0x3f:m -U hfuse:w:0xc7:m&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the device address (needs to be in range 0x80-0xFF) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&lt;/code&gt; replace 0x80 with desired address<br /> * write and verify the firmware using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U flash:w:firmware.hex:i&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * done<br /> <br /> == Show something on the screen ==<br /> Here are some bash examples (to be easy to understand) how to display something on the screen.<br /> <br /> This example shows the &quot;base48&quot; text on screen with address 0x80:<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu: 115200 baud, 8N1<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Odeslat příkaz 0x80 a grafická data.<br /> # Každý znak má 4 sloupce, mezi znaky je jeden prázdný sloupec.<br /> # Bit 0 = horní LED, bit 6 = spodní LED.<br /> <br /> printf '\x80\x7F\x48\x48\x30\x00\x20\x54\x54\x78\x00\x48\x54\x54\x20\x00\x38\x54\x54\x18\x00\x18\x14\x12\x7F\x00\x36\x49\x49\x36\x00' &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> This example shows simple clock on screen with address 0x80<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Font číslic 3x5<br /> declare -a FONT=(<br /> &quot;111 101 101 101 111&quot; # 0<br /> &quot;010 110 010 010 111&quot; # 1<br /> &quot;111 001 111 100 111&quot; # 2<br /> &quot;111 001 111 001 111&quot; # 3<br /> &quot;101 101 111 001 001&quot; # 4<br /> &quot;111 100 111 001 111&quot; # 5<br /> &quot;111 100 111 101 111&quot; # 6<br /> &quot;111 001 010 010 010&quot; # 7<br /> &quot;111 101 111 101 111&quot; # 8<br /> &quot;111 101 111 001 111&quot; # 9<br /> )<br /> <br /> # Vykreslení číslice do sloupcového bufferu.<br /> # Číslice má šířku 3 a výšku 5 LED.<br /> # Začíná na řádku 1, takže je na displeji vystředěná.<br /> <br /> draw_digit() {<br /> local digit=$1<br /> local x=$2<br /> local row col bits<br /> local -a rows<br /> <br /> read -ra rows &lt;&lt;&lt; &quot;${FONT[$digit]}&quot;<br /> <br /> for ((row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++)); do<br /> for ((col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++)); do<br /> if [[ ${rows[$row]:$col:1} == 1 ]]; then<br /> ((bits = 1 &lt;&lt; (row + 1)))<br /> ((columns[x + col] |= bits))<br /> fi<br /> done<br /> done<br /> }<br /> <br /> # Nekonečná smyčka hodin<br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # Získat aktuální čas počítače<br /> time=$(date '+%H%M%S')<br /> <br /> # Vymazat obrazový buffer<br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> columns[i]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Rozložení HH:MM:SS<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:0:1}&quot; 2<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:1:1}&quot; 6<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[10] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:2:1}&quot; 12<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:3:1}&quot; 16<br /> <br /> # Dvojtečka<br /> ((columns[20] |= 0x14))<br /> <br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:4:1}&quot; 22<br /> draw_digit &quot;${time:5:1}&quot; 26<br /> # Sestavit příkaz 0x83 a všech 30 sloupců.<br /> # Data jsou zatím reprezentována jako escape sekvence,<br /> # aby fungovaly i bajty s hodnotou 0x00.<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[i]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Odeslat celý obraz jedním printf<br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> # Aktualizace přibližně jednou za sekundu<br /> sleep 1<br /> <br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> Here is a simple pong game for two players controlled with keys Q, A, P, L...<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;<br /> #!/bin/bash<br /> <br /> PORT=&quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;<br /> WIDTH=30<br /> HEIGHT=7<br /> DELAY=0.05<br /> <br /> # Nastavení sériového portu<br /> stty -F &quot;$PORT&quot; 115200 cs8 -cstopb -parenb raw -echo<br /> <br /> # Uložení nastavení terminálu a povolení čtení kláves bez Enteru<br /> OLD_STTY=$(stty -g) || exit 1<br /> restore_terminal() {<br /> stty &quot;$OLD_STTY&quot;<br /> }<br /> trap restore_terminal EXIT INT TERM<br /> <br /> stty -echo -icanon min 0 time 0<br /> <br /> # Počáteční pozice pálek<br /> left_paddle=3<br /> right_paddle=3<br /> <br /> # Inicializace hry<br /> new_game() {<br /> ball_x=15<br /> ball_y=3<br /> <br /> # Náhodný směr míčku<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vx=1<br /> else<br /> vx=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> }<br /> <br /> new_game<br /> <br /> while true; do<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Čtení kláves<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> while IFS= read -r -s -n 1 -t 0.001 key; do<br /> case &quot;$key&quot; in<br /> q|Q)<br /> ((left_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> a|A)<br /> ((left_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((left_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> p|P)<br /> ((right_paddle &gt; 1)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle--))<br /> ;;<br /> l|L)<br /> ((right_paddle &lt; HEIGHT - 2)) &amp;&amp; ((right_paddle++))<br /> ;;<br /> $'\003')<br /> exit 0<br /> ;;<br /> esac<br /> done<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Výpočet nové pozice míčku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> next_x=$((ball_x + vx))<br /> next_y=$((ball_y + vy))<br /> <br /> # Odraz od horní a dolní hrany<br /> if ((next_y &lt; 0)); then<br /> next_y=1<br /> vy=1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt;= HEIGHT)); then<br /> next_y=$((HEIGHT - 2))<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Levá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &lt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &lt;= 0)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= left_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= left_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl levou pálku<br /> next_x=1<br /> vx=1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; left_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> # Zásah doprostřed: náhodný vertikální směr<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí levé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> if ((vx &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; next_x &gt;= WIDTH - 1)); then<br /> if ((next_y &gt;= right_paddle - 1 &amp;&amp;<br /> next_y &lt;= right_paddle + 1)); then<br /> <br /> # Míček zasáhl pravou pálku<br /> next_x=$((WIDTH - 2))<br /> vx=-1<br /> <br /> if ((next_y &lt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=-1<br /> elif ((next_y &gt; right_paddle)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> if ((RANDOM % 2)); then<br /> vy=1<br /> else<br /> vy=-1<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> else<br /> # Minutí pravé pálky: okamžitý restart<br /> new_game<br /> continue<br /> fi<br /> fi<br /> <br /> # Uložení pozice míčku<br /> ball_x=$next_x<br /> ball_y=$next_y<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Vykreslení snímku<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> columns[x]=0<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Levá pálka<br /> for ((y = left_paddle - 1; y &lt;= left_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[0] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Pravá pálka<br /> for ((y = right_paddle - 1; y &lt;= right_paddle + 1; y++)); do<br /> ((columns[WIDTH - 1] |= 1 &lt;&lt; y))<br /> done<br /> <br /> # Míček<br /> ((columns[ball_x] |= 1 &lt;&lt; ball_y))<br /> <br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> # Odeslání snímku displeji<br /> # ---------------------------------------<br /> <br /> payload='\x80'<br /> <br /> for ((x = 0; x &lt; WIDTH; x++)); do<br /> printf -v byte '\\x%02X' &quot;${columns[x]}&quot;<br /> payload+=&quot;$byte&quot;<br /> done<br /> <br /> printf '%b' &quot;$payload&quot; &gt; &quot;$PORT&quot;<br /> <br /> sleep &quot;$DELAY&quot;<br /> done<br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=LED_Panel_30x7&diff=5719 LED Panel 30x7 2026-10-29T00:21:57Z <p>Buger: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Project<br /> |name=LED Panel 30x7<br /> |image=LED_panel_30x7.jpg<br /> |founder=Buger<br /> |status=active<br /> |tags=hw<br /> |shortdesc=LED Panels 30x7 - make them working<br /> |created=2026-28-10<br /> }}<br /> = What is this about =<br /> This project is about to make these LED panels working. We got them for free including power supplies and some cables, however the communication protocol is unknown. <br /> <br /> To be able to use them we need to find out the protocol, or make our own firmware.<br /> <br /> = Hack the protocol! =<br /> The device is equipped with pair of XLR connectors connected in parallel suggesting use of DMX or RS485 protocol with daisy-chaining in mind, also the vendor (https://www.srs-group.com) is making a lot of DMX stuff, however I tried to send it DMX data on all 512 channels but no luck. I also tried to send it RS485 data in various formats, baudrates, etc - nothing worked.<br /> <br /> I also tried to read the firmware of the main controller (atmega16) but its locked (as usual).<br /> <br /> So I deciced to go &quot;my firmware&quot; way...<br /> <br /> = Make our own firmware =<br /> To be able to make our own firmware we need to know how this works - so I spent couple of hours reverse engineering the control board so we have the schematic <br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_schematic.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED &amp; driver layout]]<br /> <br /> Then I used money of the US tax payers (free chatgpt AI) to make the firmware for atmega16 in arduino with the MightyCore atmega16 support. I told him where and how are the shift registers and row decoders connected, his first task was just to display &quot;base48&quot; text... He did it... Then I asked him to add very simple serial protocol that whill wait for device address and then starts to receive graphics data column by column... And that worked too. <br /> <br /> After some polishing here is the firmware that:<br /> * on power up it reads device address from EEPROM address 0<br /> * shows the device address for 3 seconds on the screen<br /> * then screen is cleared and it waits for serial data (115200, 8N1)<br /> * it ignores all data until device address is received<br /> * after it receives its address, it starts to receive graphics data and resets the column counter<br /> * because each colum of display consists of 7 LEDs, I decided that all bytes with 0 in the most significant bit (0x0-0x7F) will represent graphics data (simply each bit corresponds to LED in the column) and all with 1 in this bit (0x80-0xFF) will represent device address<br /> * therefore the device address needs to be in 0x80-0xFF range, this way we can handle up to 128 devices on the same bus<br /> * after each received graphics byte column counter is incremented<br /> * therefore if the device address its for example 0x80, you need to send 0x80, 0x7F, 0x7F, ... and 28 more 0x7Fs to make all LEDs on the panel lid up<br /> * the device ignores all bytes &gt;=0x80 if they are not its device address<br /> * the device ignores all graphics data if end of display was reached (means all 30 columns received)<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;arduino&quot;&gt;<br /> #include &lt;SPI.h&gt;<br /> #include &lt;EEPROM.h&gt;<br /> <br /> // device address is stored in eeprom on address 0 and should be &gt;=0x80<br /> // to change it run &quot;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&quot; and replace 0x80 with your address<br /> <br /> // graphics data = all bytes from serial &lt; 0x80 (as we have only 7 LEDs)<br /> // when device address is received on serial = start receiving graphics data to display buffer<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Konfigurace pinů – ATmega16, MightyCore std pipnout<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t PIN_LATCH = 21; // PC5<br /> const uint8_t PIN_OE = 20; // PC4<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S0 = 16; // PC0<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S1 = 17; // PC1<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S2 = 18; // PC2<br /> const uint8_t PIN_EN = 19; // PC3<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SPI_SPEED = 16000000; //drivery by mely fungovat do 20MHz<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Parametry displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t WIDTH = 30;<br /> const uint8_t HEIGHT = 7;<br /> <br /> const uint32_t ROW_TIME_US = 1000;<br /> <br /> const uint8_t DECODER_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t DECODER_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Sériová komunikace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SERIAL_BAUD = 115200;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Obrazová paměť<br /> //<br /> // buffer[row][column]<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> bool buffer[HEIGHT][WIDTH];<br /> <br /> // Index následujícího zapisovaného sloupce.<br /> // WIDTH znamená, že je buffer plný.<br /> <br /> uint8_t writeColumn = 0;<br /> <br /> uint8_t devAddr = 80;<br /> uint32_t startupDisplayTime = 0;<br /> bool startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Font 3x5 pro úvodní zobrazení adresy<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> // Každý znak má 3 sloupce, každý sloupec obsahuje 5 bitů.<br /> // Bit 0 = horní pixel.<br /> <br /> const uint8_t font3x5[][3] = {<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x1F}, // 0<br /> {0x00, 0x1F, 0x00}, // 1<br /> {0x1D, 0x15, 0x17}, // 2<br /> {0x15, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 3<br /> {0x07, 0x04, 0x1F}, // 4<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 5<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 6<br /> {0x01, 0x01, 0x1F}, // 7<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 8<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 9<br /> {0x1E, 0x05, 0x1E}, // A<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x0A}, // B<br /> {0x0E, 0x11, 0x11}, // C<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x0E}, // D<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x11}, // E<br /> {0x1F, 0x05, 0x01}, // F<br /> {0x14, 0x08, 0x14} // x<br /> };<br /> <br /> // Vymazání obrazového bufferu.<br /> void clearBuffer() {<br /> memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Vykreslení jednoho znaku 3x5.<br /> void drawChar(uint8_t index, uint8_t x, uint8_t y) {<br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++) {<br /> uint8_t bits = font3x5[index][col];<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++) {<br /> if (x + col &lt; WIDTH &amp;&amp; y + row &lt; HEIGHT) {<br /> buffer[y + row][x + col] = (bits &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zobrazení adresy, například 0x83.<br /> void showDeviceAddress() {<br /> clearBuffer();<br /> <br /> char text[5];<br /> snprintf(text, sizeof(text), &quot;%02X&quot;, devAddr);<br /> <br /> // Text tvoří 0, x a dvě hexadecimální číslice.<br /> // Šířka: 4 znaky * 3 pixely + 3 mezery = 15 pixelů.<br /> // Začátek je vypočítán pro vodorovné vycentrování.<br /> uint8_t x = (WIDTH - 15) / 2;<br /> uint8_t y = (HEIGHT - 5) / 2;<br /> <br /> drawChar(0, x, y); // 0<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> drawChar(16, x, y); // x<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t i = 0; i &lt; 2; i++) {<br /> char c = text[i];<br /> <br /> uint8_t index;<br /> if (c &gt;= '0' &amp;&amp; c &lt;= '9') {<br /> index = c - '0';<br /> } else {<br /> index = c - 'A' + 10;<br /> }<br /> <br /> drawChar(index, x, y);<br /> x += 4;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Příjem dat ze sériového portu<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void processSerial() {<br /> <br /> while (Serial.available() &gt; 0) {<br /> <br /> uint8_t data = Serial.read();<br /> <br /> // Bajty s nejvyšším bitem 1 jsou příkazy.<br /> if (data &amp; 0x80) {<br /> <br /> // Jediný podporovaný příkaz: reset adresy zápisu pokud je prijat devAddr.<br /> if (data == devAddr) {<br /> writeColumn = 0;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Ostatní ignorovat<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Pokud je buffer plný, další data ignorovat.<br /> if (writeColumn &gt;= WIDTH) {<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zapsat všech 7 bitů do aktuálního sloupce.<br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; HEIGHT; row++) {<br /> <br /> buffer[row][writeColumn] = (data &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Připravit následující sloupec.<br /> writeColumn++;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Výběr řádku přes 74LS138<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void selectRow(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, (row &amp; 0x01) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, (row &amp; 0x02) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, (row &amp; 0x04) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Zápis sloupců do dvou A6276E<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void writeColumns(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> uint32_t word = 0;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; WIDTH; col++) {<br /> <br /> if (buffer[row][col]) {<br /> word |= (1UL &lt;&lt; col);<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, LOW);<br /> <br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 24) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer(word &amp; 0xFF);<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Multiplexní obsluha displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> uint8_t currentRow = 0;<br /> uint32_t lastRowChange = 0;<br /> <br /> void refreshDisplay() {<br /> <br /> uint32_t now = micros();<br /> <br /> if ((uint32_t)(now - lastRowChange) &lt; ROW_TIME_US) {<br /> return;<br /> }<br /> <br /> lastRowChange = now;<br /> <br /> // 1. Zhasnout výstupy během změny řádku.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 2. Zakázat dekodér.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 3. Zapsat data pro aktuální řádek.<br /> writeColumns(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 4. Vybrat řádek.<br /> selectRow(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 5. Povolit řádek.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 6. Povolit výstupy LED driverů.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 7. Připravit následující řádek.<br /> currentRow++;<br /> <br /> if (currentRow &gt;= HEIGHT) {<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Inicializace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void setup() {<br /> // Sériová komunikace 115200 baud.<br /> Serial.begin(SERIAL_BAUD);<br /> <br /> // SPI pro LED drivery.<br /> SPI.begin();<br /> <br /> SPI.beginTransaction(<br /> SPISettings(SPI_SPEED, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0)<br /> );<br /> <br /> // Konfigurace pinů.<br /> pinMode(PIN_LATCH, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_OE, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S0, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S1, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S2, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_EN, OUTPUT);<br /> <br /> // Displej při inicializaci zhasnout.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, LOW);<br /> <br /> // buffer pointer je po resetu nastaven na WIDTH aby se ignorovala data dokud nedojde odpovidajici devaddr<br /> writeColumn = WIDTH;<br /> <br /> // Okamžitá první obnova displeje.<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> lastRowChange = micros() - ROW_TIME_US;<br /> <br /> // Adresa zarizeni z EEPROM z adresy 0<br /> devAddr = EEPROM.read(0) | 0x80; //nacist adresu z eeprom a ujistit se ze bude &gt;=0x80<br /> <br /> showDeviceAddress();<br /> <br /> startupDisplayTime = millis();<br /> startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Hlavní smyčka<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void loop() {<br /> <br /> if (!startupDisplayActive) {<br /> processSerial();<br /> } else if ((uint32_t)(millis() - startupDisplayTime) &gt;= 3000) {<br /> // Po 3 sekundách odstranit uvidni screen s adresou a zacit prijimat data<br /> startupDisplayActive = false;<br /> clearBuffer(); <br /> }<br /> <br /> // obnovovat displej<br /> refreshDisplay();<br /> }<br /> <br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> You need MightyCore in your arduino https://github.com/MCUdude/Mightycore and here is the arduino configuration<br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_arduino_cfg.png]]<br /> <br /> Also here is the compiled firmware in .hex (sorry wiki does not let me to upload is as file...<br /> &lt;code&gt;<br /> :100000000C9465000C948D000C948D000C948D0064<br /> :100010000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D002C<br /> :100020000C948D000C94A9020C948D000C94770212<br /> :100030000C9451020C948D000C948D000C948D0046<br /> :100040000C948D000C948D000C948D000C948D00FC<br /> :100050000C948D0000000002000000000000000071<br /> :100060000504000700000000000000000000000080<br /> :100070000000000000003B003800350032000000A6<br /> :100080003A0037003400310002020202020202028A<br /> :100090000404040404040404030303030303030328<br /> :1000A0000101010101010101010204081020408049<br 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/> :100FB000AA81B981CE0FD11D0FB6F894DEBF0FBE46<br /> :100FC000CDBFED010895EE0FFF1F0590F491E02DC8<br /> :100FD0000994AEE0B0E0EFEEF7E00C94BA070D89AB<br /> :100FE0001E898F89988D26E02C831A83098397FFA9<br /> :100FF00002C080E090E801979E838D83AE01455E3C<br /> :101000005F4F698D7A8DCE0101960E9426054D8134<br /> :101010005E8157FD0AC02F813885421753070CF4B3<br /> :101020009A01020F131FF80110822E96E4E00C942F<br /> :06103000D607F894FFCF83<br /> :101036005001000000007B01DC000901C7013A01F4<br /> :1010460018012C011F111F001F001D151715151F54<br /> :1010560007041F17151D1F151D01011F1F151F173B<br /> :10106600151F1E051E1F150A0E11111F110E1F1525<br /> :0C107600111F0501140814253032580029<br /> :00000001FF<br /> &lt;/code&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> == Flash the FW into the panel ==<br /> You need programmer able to program atmega16 MCUs in DIP40 packages, luckily there is ISP header on the control borad, so I used cheap USBasp to do that.<br /> <br /> !!! THE ISP HEADER USE NON-STANDARD PINOUT - DO NOT PLUG STANDARD USBASP CABLE, YOU NEED TO PIN THESE ACCORDING TO SCHEMATIC OTHERWISE USBASP POWER WILL BE SHORTED !!!<br /> <br /> * install avrdude<br /> * connect USBasp and panel power supply<br /> * verify that you can communicate with the atmega over USBasp &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16&lt;/code&gt; that should say &quot;device signature = 0x1e9403 (probably m16)&quot;<br /> * erase the locked atmega16 using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -e&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the fuses (16MHz xtal, 4V BOD, jtag off, preserved EEPROM on chip erase, ISP allowed) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U lfuse:w:0x3f:m -U hfuse:w:0xc7:m&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the device address (needs to be in range 0x80-0xFF) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&lt;/code&gt; replace 0x80 with desired address<br /> * write and verify the firmware using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U flash:w:firmware.hex:i&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * done</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=File:LED_panel_30x7_arduino_cfg.png&diff=5718 File:LED panel 30x7 arduino cfg.png 2026-10-29T00:09:54Z <p>Buger: Arduino configuration for LED panel 30x7</p> <hr /> <div>== Summary ==<br /> Arduino configuration for LED panel 30x7</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=LED_Panel_30x7&diff=5717 LED Panel 30x7 2026-10-29T00:04:46Z <p>Buger: more info</p> <hr /> <div>{{Project<br /> |name=LED Panel 30x7<br /> |image=LED_panel_30x7.jpg<br /> |founder=Buger<br /> |status=active<br /> |tags=hw<br /> |shortdesc=LED Panels 30x7 - make them working<br /> |created=2026-28-10<br /> }}<br /> = What is this about =<br /> This project is about to make these LED panels working. We got them for free including power supplies and some cables, however the communication protocol is unknown. <br /> <br /> To be able to use them we need to find out the protocol, or make our own firmware.<br /> <br /> = Hack the protocol! =<br /> The device is equipped with pair of XLR connectors connected in parallel suggesting use of DMX or RS485 protocol with daisy-chaining in mind, also the vendor (https://www.srs-group.com) is making a lot of DMX stuff, however I tried to send it DMX data on all 512 channels but no luck. I also tried to send it RS485 data in various formats, baudrates, etc - nothing worked.<br /> <br /> I also tried to read the firmware of the main controller (atmega16) but its locked (as usual).<br /> <br /> So I deciced to go &quot;my firmware&quot; way...<br /> <br /> = Make our own firmware =<br /> To be able to make our own firmware we need to know how this works - so I spent couple of hours reverse engineering the control board so we have the schematic <br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_schematic.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED &amp; driver layout]]<br /> <br /> Then I used money of the US tax payers (free chatgpt AI) to make the firmware for atmega16 in arduino with the MightyCore atmega16 support. I told him where and how are the shift registers and row decoders connected, his first task was just to display &quot;base48&quot; text... He did it... Then I asked him to add very simple serial protocol that whill wait for device address and then starts to receive graphics data column by column... And that worked too. <br /> <br /> After some polishing here is the firmware that:<br /> * on power up it reads device address from EEPROM address 0<br /> * shows the device address for 3 seconds on the screen<br /> * then screen is cleared and it waits for serial data (115200, 8N1)<br /> * it ignores all data until device address is received<br /> * after it receives its address, it starts to receive graphics data and resets the column counter<br /> * because each colum of display consists of 7 LEDs, I decided that all bytes with 0 in the most significant bit (0x0-0x7F) will represent graphics data (simply each bit corresponds to LED in the column) and all with 1 in this bit (0x80-0xFF) will represent device address<br /> * therefore the device address needs to be in 0x80-0xFF range, this way we can handle up to 128 devices on the same bus<br /> * after each received graphics byte column counter is incremented<br /> * therefore if the device address its for example 0x80, you need to send 0x80, 0x7F, 0x7F, ... and 28 more 0x7Fs to make all LEDs on the panel lid up<br /> * the device ignores all bytes &gt;=0x80 if they are not its device address<br /> * the device ignores all graphics data if end of display was reached (means all 30 columns received)<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;arduino&quot;&gt;<br /> #include &lt;SPI.h&gt;<br /> #include &lt;EEPROM.h&gt;<br /> <br /> // device address is stored in eeprom on address 0 and should be &gt;=0x80<br /> // to change it run &quot;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&quot; and replace 0x80 with your address<br /> <br /> // graphics data = all bytes from serial &lt; 0x80 (as we have only 7 LEDs)<br /> // when device address is received on serial = start receiving graphics data to display buffer<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Konfigurace pinů – ATmega16, MightyCore std pipnout<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t PIN_LATCH = 21; // PC5<br /> const uint8_t PIN_OE = 20; // PC4<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S0 = 16; // PC0<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S1 = 17; // PC1<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S2 = 18; // PC2<br /> const uint8_t PIN_EN = 19; // PC3<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SPI_SPEED = 16000000; //drivery by mely fungovat do 20MHz<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Parametry displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t WIDTH = 30;<br /> const uint8_t HEIGHT = 7;<br /> <br /> const uint32_t ROW_TIME_US = 1000;<br /> <br /> const uint8_t DECODER_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t DECODER_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Sériová komunikace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SERIAL_BAUD = 115200;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Obrazová paměť<br /> //<br /> // buffer[row][column]<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> bool buffer[HEIGHT][WIDTH];<br /> <br /> // Index následujícího zapisovaného sloupce.<br /> // WIDTH znamená, že je buffer plný.<br /> <br /> uint8_t writeColumn = 0;<br /> <br /> uint8_t devAddr = 80;<br /> uint32_t startupDisplayTime = 0;<br /> bool startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Font 3x5 pro úvodní zobrazení adresy<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> // Každý znak má 3 sloupce, každý sloupec obsahuje 5 bitů.<br /> // Bit 0 = horní pixel.<br /> <br /> const uint8_t font3x5[][3] = {<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x1F}, // 0<br /> {0x00, 0x1F, 0x00}, // 1<br /> {0x1D, 0x15, 0x17}, // 2<br /> {0x15, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 3<br /> {0x07, 0x04, 0x1F}, // 4<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 5<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 6<br /> {0x01, 0x01, 0x1F}, // 7<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 8<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 9<br /> {0x1E, 0x05, 0x1E}, // A<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x0A}, // B<br /> {0x0E, 0x11, 0x11}, // C<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x0E}, // D<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x11}, // E<br /> {0x1F, 0x05, 0x01}, // F<br /> {0x14, 0x08, 0x14} // x<br /> };<br /> <br /> // Vymazání obrazového bufferu.<br /> void clearBuffer() {<br /> memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Vykreslení jednoho znaku 3x5.<br /> void drawChar(uint8_t index, uint8_t x, uint8_t y) {<br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++) {<br /> uint8_t bits = font3x5[index][col];<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++) {<br /> if (x + col &lt; WIDTH &amp;&amp; y + row &lt; HEIGHT) {<br /> buffer[y + row][x + col] = (bits &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zobrazení adresy, například 0x83.<br /> void showDeviceAddress() {<br /> clearBuffer();<br /> <br /> char text[5];<br /> snprintf(text, sizeof(text), &quot;%02X&quot;, devAddr);<br /> <br /> // Text tvoří 0, x a dvě hexadecimální číslice.<br /> // Šířka: 4 znaky * 3 pixely + 3 mezery = 15 pixelů.<br /> // Začátek je vypočítán pro vodorovné vycentrování.<br /> uint8_t x = (WIDTH - 15) / 2;<br /> uint8_t y = (HEIGHT - 5) / 2;<br /> <br /> drawChar(0, x, y); // 0<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> drawChar(16, x, y); // x<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t i = 0; i &lt; 2; i++) {<br /> char c = text[i];<br /> <br /> uint8_t index;<br /> if (c &gt;= '0' &amp;&amp; c &lt;= '9') {<br /> index = c - '0';<br /> } else {<br /> index = c - 'A' + 10;<br /> }<br /> <br /> drawChar(index, x, y);<br /> x += 4;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Příjem dat ze sériového portu<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void processSerial() {<br /> <br /> while (Serial.available() &gt; 0) {<br /> <br /> uint8_t data = Serial.read();<br /> <br /> // Bajty s nejvyšším bitem 1 jsou příkazy.<br /> if (data &amp; 0x80) {<br /> <br /> // Jediný podporovaný příkaz: reset adresy zápisu pokud je prijat devAddr.<br /> if (data == devAddr) {<br /> writeColumn = 0;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Ostatní ignorovat<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Pokud je buffer plný, další data ignorovat.<br /> if (writeColumn &gt;= WIDTH) {<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zapsat všech 7 bitů do aktuálního sloupce.<br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; HEIGHT; row++) {<br /> <br /> buffer[row][writeColumn] = (data &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Připravit následující sloupec.<br /> writeColumn++;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Výběr řádku přes 74LS138<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void selectRow(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, (row &amp; 0x01) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, (row &amp; 0x02) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, (row &amp; 0x04) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Zápis sloupců do dvou A6276E<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void writeColumns(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> uint32_t word = 0;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; WIDTH; col++) {<br /> <br /> if (buffer[row][col]) {<br /> word |= (1UL &lt;&lt; col);<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, LOW);<br /> <br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 24) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer(word &amp; 0xFF);<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Multiplexní obsluha displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> uint8_t currentRow = 0;<br /> uint32_t lastRowChange = 0;<br /> <br /> void refreshDisplay() {<br /> <br /> uint32_t now = micros();<br /> <br /> if ((uint32_t)(now - lastRowChange) &lt; ROW_TIME_US) {<br /> return;<br /> }<br /> <br /> lastRowChange = now;<br /> <br /> // 1. Zhasnout výstupy během změny řádku.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 2. Zakázat dekodér.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 3. Zapsat data pro aktuální řádek.<br /> writeColumns(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 4. Vybrat řádek.<br /> selectRow(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 5. Povolit řádek.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 6. Povolit výstupy LED driverů.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 7. Připravit následující řádek.<br /> currentRow++;<br /> <br /> if (currentRow &gt;= HEIGHT) {<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Inicializace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void setup() {<br /> // Sériová komunikace 115200 baud.<br /> Serial.begin(SERIAL_BAUD);<br /> <br /> // SPI pro LED drivery.<br /> SPI.begin();<br /> <br /> SPI.beginTransaction(<br /> SPISettings(SPI_SPEED, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0)<br /> );<br /> <br /> // Konfigurace pinů.<br /> pinMode(PIN_LATCH, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_OE, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S0, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S1, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S2, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_EN, OUTPUT);<br /> <br /> // Displej při inicializaci zhasnout.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, LOW);<br /> <br /> // buffer pointer je po resetu nastaven na WIDTH aby se ignorovala data dokud nedojde odpovidajici devaddr<br /> writeColumn = WIDTH;<br /> <br /> // Okamžitá první obnova displeje.<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> lastRowChange = micros() - ROW_TIME_US;<br /> <br /> // Adresa zarizeni z EEPROM z adresy 0<br /> devAddr = EEPROM.read(0) | 0x80; //nacist adresu z eeprom a ujistit se ze bude &gt;=0x80<br /> <br /> showDeviceAddress();<br /> <br /> startupDisplayTime = millis();<br /> startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Hlavní smyčka<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void loop() {<br /> <br /> if (!startupDisplayActive) {<br /> processSerial();<br /> } else if ((uint32_t)(millis() - startupDisplayTime) &gt;= 3000) {<br /> // Po 3 sekundách odstranit uvidni screen s adresou a zacit prijimat data<br /> startupDisplayActive = false;<br /> clearBuffer(); <br /> }<br /> <br /> // obnovovat displej<br /> refreshDisplay();<br /> }<br /> <br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;<br /> <br /> == Flash the FW into the panel ==<br /> You need programmer able to program atmega16 MCUs in DIP40 packages, luckily there is ISP header on the control borad, so I used cheap USBasp to do that.<br /> <br /> !!! THE ISP HEADER USE NON-STANDARD PINOUT - DO NOT PLUG STANDARD USBASP CABLE, YOU NEED TO PIN THESE ACCORDING TO SCHEMATIC OTHERWISE USBASP POWER WILL BE SHORTED !!!<br /> <br /> * install avrdude<br /> * connect USBasp and panel power supply<br /> * verify that you can communicate with the atmega over USBasp &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16&lt;/code&gt; that should say &quot;device signature = 0x1e9403 (probably m16)&quot;<br /> * erase the locked atmega16 using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -e&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the fuses (16MHz xtal, 4V BOD, jtag off, preserved EEPROM on chip erase, ISP allowed) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U lfuse:w:0x3f:m -U hfuse:w:0xc7:m&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * set the device address (needs to be in range 0x80-0xFF) using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&lt;/code&gt; replace 0x80 with desired address<br /> * write and verify the firmware using &lt;code&gt;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U flash:w:firmware.hex:i&lt;/code&gt;<br /> * done</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=LED_Panel_30x7&diff=5716 LED Panel 30x7 2026-10-28T23:51:32Z <p>Buger: incl code</p> <hr /> <div>{{Project<br /> |name=LED Panel 30x7<br /> |image=LED_panel_30x7.jpg<br /> |founder=Buger<br /> |status=active<br /> |tags=hw<br /> |shortdesc=LED Panels 30x7 - make them working<br /> |created=2026-28-10<br /> }}<br /> = What is this about =<br /> This project is about to make these LED panels working. We got them for free including power supplies and some cables, however the communication protocol is unknown. <br /> <br /> To be able to use them we need to find out the protocol, or make our own firmware.<br /> <br /> = Hack the protocol! =<br /> The device is equipped with pair of XLR connectors connected in parallel suggesting use of DMX or RS485 protocol with daisy-chaining in mind, also the vendor (https://www.srs-group.com) is making a lot of DMX stuff, however I tried to send it DMX data on all 512 channels but no luck. I also tried to send it RS485 data in various formats, baudrates, etc - nothing worked.<br /> <br /> I also tried to read the firmware of the main controller (atmega16) but its locked (as usual).<br /> <br /> So I deciced to go &quot;my firmware&quot; way...<br /> <br /> = Make our own firmware =<br /> To be able to make our own firmware we need to know how this works - so I spent couple of hours reverse engineering the control board so we have the schematic <br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_schematic.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED &amp; driver layout]]<br /> <br /> Then I used money of the US tax payers (free chatgpt AI) to make the firmware for atmega16 in arduino with the MightyCore atmega16 support. I told him where and how are the shift registers and row decoders connected, his first task was just to display &quot;base48&quot; text... He did it... Then I asked him to add very simple serial protocol that whill wait for device address and then starts to receive graphics data column by column... And that worked too. <br /> <br /> After some polishing here is the firmware that:<br /> * on power up it reads device address from EEPROM address 0<br /> * shows the device address for 3 seconds on the screen<br /> * then screen is cleared and it waits for serial data (115200, 8N1)<br /> * it ignores all data until device address is received<br /> * after it receives its address, it starts to receive graphics data and resets the column counter<br /> * because each colum of display consists of 7 LEDs, I decided that all bytes with 0 in the most significant bit (0x0-0x7F) will represent graphics data (simply each bit corresponds to LED in the column) and all with 1 in this bit (0x80-0xFF) will represent device address<br /> * therefore the device address needs to be in 0x80-0xFF range, this way we can handle up to 128 devices on the same bus<br /> * after each received graphics byte column counter is incremented<br /> * therefore if the device address its for example 0x80, you need to send 0x80, 0x7F, 0x7F, ... and 28 more 0x7Fs to make all LEDs on the panel lid up<br /> * the device ignores all bytes &gt;=0x80 if they are not its device address<br /> * the device ignores all graphics data if end of display was reached (means all 30 columns received)<br /> &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;arduino&quot;&gt;<br /> #include &lt;SPI.h&gt;<br /> #include &lt;EEPROM.h&gt;<br /> <br /> // device address is stored in eeprom on address 0 and should be &gt;=0x80<br /> // to change it run &quot;avrdude -c usbasp -p m16 -U eeprom:w:0x80:m&quot; and replace 0x80 with your address<br /> <br /> // graphics data = all bytes from serial &lt; 0x80 (as we have only 7 LEDs)<br /> // when device address is received on serial = start receiving graphics data to display buffer<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Konfigurace pinů – ATmega16, MightyCore std pipnout<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t PIN_LATCH = 21; // PC5<br /> const uint8_t PIN_OE = 20; // PC4<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S0 = 16; // PC0<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S1 = 17; // PC1<br /> const uint8_t PIN_S2 = 18; // PC2<br /> const uint8_t PIN_EN = 19; // PC3<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SPI_SPEED = 16000000; //drivery by mely fungovat do 20MHz<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Parametry displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint8_t WIDTH = 30;<br /> const uint8_t HEIGHT = 7;<br /> <br /> const uint32_t ROW_TIME_US = 1000;<br /> <br /> const uint8_t DECODER_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t DECODER_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_ENABLED = LOW;<br /> const uint8_t OUTPUTS_DISABLED = HIGH;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Sériová komunikace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> const uint32_t SERIAL_BAUD = 115200;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Obrazová paměť<br /> //<br /> // buffer[row][column]<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> bool buffer[HEIGHT][WIDTH];<br /> <br /> // Index následujícího zapisovaného sloupce.<br /> // WIDTH znamená, že je buffer plný.<br /> <br /> uint8_t writeColumn = 0;<br /> <br /> uint8_t devAddr = 80;<br /> uint32_t startupDisplayTime = 0;<br /> bool startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Font 3x5 pro úvodní zobrazení adresy<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> // Každý znak má 3 sloupce, každý sloupec obsahuje 5 bitů.<br /> // Bit 0 = horní pixel.<br /> <br /> const uint8_t font3x5[][3] = {<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x1F}, // 0<br /> {0x00, 0x1F, 0x00}, // 1<br /> {0x1D, 0x15, 0x17}, // 2<br /> {0x15, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 3<br /> {0x07, 0x04, 0x1F}, // 4<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 5<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1D}, // 6<br /> {0x01, 0x01, 0x1F}, // 7<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 8<br /> {0x17, 0x15, 0x1F}, // 9<br /> {0x1E, 0x05, 0x1E}, // A<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x0A}, // B<br /> {0x0E, 0x11, 0x11}, // C<br /> {0x1F, 0x11, 0x0E}, // D<br /> {0x1F, 0x15, 0x11}, // E<br /> {0x1F, 0x05, 0x01}, // F<br /> {0x14, 0x08, 0x14} // x<br /> };<br /> <br /> // Vymazání obrazového bufferu.<br /> void clearBuffer() {<br /> memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Vykreslení jednoho znaku 3x5.<br /> void drawChar(uint8_t index, uint8_t x, uint8_t y) {<br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; 3; col++) {<br /> uint8_t bits = font3x5[index][col];<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; 5; row++) {<br /> if (x + col &lt; WIDTH &amp;&amp; y + row &lt; HEIGHT) {<br /> buffer[y + row][x + col] = (bits &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zobrazení adresy, například 0x83.<br /> void showDeviceAddress() {<br /> clearBuffer();<br /> <br /> char text[5];<br /> snprintf(text, sizeof(text), &quot;%02X&quot;, devAddr);<br /> <br /> // Text tvoří 0, x a dvě hexadecimální číslice.<br /> // Šířka: 4 znaky * 3 pixely + 3 mezery = 15 pixelů.<br /> // Začátek je vypočítán pro vodorovné vycentrování.<br /> uint8_t x = (WIDTH - 15) / 2;<br /> uint8_t y = (HEIGHT - 5) / 2;<br /> <br /> drawChar(0, x, y); // 0<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> drawChar(16, x, y); // x<br /> x += 4;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t i = 0; i &lt; 2; i++) {<br /> char c = text[i];<br /> <br /> uint8_t index;<br /> if (c &gt;= '0' &amp;&amp; c &lt;= '9') {<br /> index = c - '0';<br /> } else {<br /> index = c - 'A' + 10;<br /> }<br /> <br /> drawChar(index, x, y);<br /> x += 4;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Příjem dat ze sériového portu<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void processSerial() {<br /> <br /> while (Serial.available() &gt; 0) {<br /> <br /> uint8_t data = Serial.read();<br /> <br /> // Bajty s nejvyšším bitem 1 jsou příkazy.<br /> if (data &amp; 0x80) {<br /> <br /> // Jediný podporovaný příkaz: reset adresy zápisu pokud je prijat devAddr.<br /> if (data == devAddr) {<br /> writeColumn = 0;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Ostatní ignorovat<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Pokud je buffer plný, další data ignorovat.<br /> if (writeColumn &gt;= WIDTH) {<br /> continue;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Zapsat všech 7 bitů do aktuálního sloupce.<br /> for (uint8_t row = 0; row &lt; HEIGHT; row++) {<br /> <br /> buffer[row][writeColumn] = (data &gt;&gt; row) &amp; 1;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // Připravit následující sloupec.<br /> writeColumn++;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Výběr řádku přes 74LS138<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void selectRow(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, (row &amp; 0x01) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, (row &amp; 0x02) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, (row &amp; 0x04) ? HIGH : LOW);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Zápis sloupců do dvou A6276E<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void writeColumns(uint8_t row) {<br /> <br /> uint32_t word = 0;<br /> <br /> for (uint8_t col = 0; col &lt; WIDTH; col++) {<br /> <br /> if (buffer[row][col]) {<br /> word |= (1UL &lt;&lt; col);<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, LOW);<br /> <br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 24) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer((word &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xFF);<br /> SPI.transfer(word &amp; 0xFF);<br /> <br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Multiplexní obsluha displeje<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> uint8_t currentRow = 0;<br /> uint32_t lastRowChange = 0;<br /> <br /> void refreshDisplay() {<br /> <br /> uint32_t now = micros();<br /> <br /> if ((uint32_t)(now - lastRowChange) &lt; ROW_TIME_US) {<br /> return;<br /> }<br /> <br /> lastRowChange = now;<br /> <br /> // 1. Zhasnout výstupy během změny řádku.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 2. Zakázat dekodér.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> <br /> // 3. Zapsat data pro aktuální řádek.<br /> writeColumns(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 4. Vybrat řádek.<br /> selectRow(currentRow);<br /> <br /> // 5. Povolit řádek.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 6. Povolit výstupy LED driverů.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_ENABLED);<br /> <br /> // 7. Připravit následující řádek.<br /> currentRow++;<br /> <br /> if (currentRow &gt;= HEIGHT) {<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Inicializace<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void setup() {<br /> // Sériová komunikace 115200 baud.<br /> Serial.begin(SERIAL_BAUD);<br /> <br /> // SPI pro LED drivery.<br /> SPI.begin();<br /> <br /> SPI.beginTransaction(<br /> SPISettings(SPI_SPEED, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0)<br /> );<br /> <br /> // Konfigurace pinů.<br /> pinMode(PIN_LATCH, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_OE, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S0, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S1, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_S2, OUTPUT);<br /> pinMode(PIN_EN, OUTPUT);<br /> <br /> // Displej při inicializaci zhasnout.<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_OE, OUTPUTS_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_EN, DECODER_DISABLED);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_LATCH, HIGH);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S0, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S1, LOW);<br /> digitalWrite(PIN_S2, LOW);<br /> <br /> // buffer pointer je po resetu nastaven na WIDTH aby se ignorovala data dokud nedojde odpovidajici devaddr<br /> writeColumn = WIDTH;<br /> <br /> // Okamžitá první obnova displeje.<br /> currentRow = 0;<br /> lastRowChange = micros() - ROW_TIME_US;<br /> <br /> // Adresa zarizeni z EEPROM z adresy 0<br /> devAddr = EEPROM.read(0) | 0x80; //nacist adresu z eeprom a ujistit se ze bude &gt;=0x80<br /> <br /> showDeviceAddress();<br /> <br /> startupDisplayTime = millis();<br /> startupDisplayActive = true;<br /> }<br /> <br /> // =====================================================<br /> // Hlavní smyčka<br /> // =====================================================<br /> <br /> void loop() {<br /> <br /> if (!startupDisplayActive) {<br /> processSerial();<br /> } else if ((uint32_t)(millis() - startupDisplayTime) &gt;= 3000) {<br /> // Po 3 sekundách odstranit uvidni screen s adresou a zacit prijimat data<br /> startupDisplayActive = false;<br /> clearBuffer(); <br /> }<br /> <br /> // obnovovat displej<br /> refreshDisplay();<br /> }<br /> <br /> &lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=LED_Panel_30x7&diff=5715 LED Panel 30x7 2026-10-28T23:42:28Z <p>Buger: more info...</p> <hr /> <div>{{Project<br /> |name=LED Panel 30x7<br /> |image=LED_panel_30x7.jpg<br /> |founder=Buger<br /> |status=active<br /> |tags=hw<br /> |shortdesc=LED Panels 30x7 - make them working<br /> |created=2026-28-10<br /> }}<br /> = What is this about =<br /> This project is about to make these LED panels working. We got them for free including power supplies and some cables, however the communication protocol is unknown. <br /> <br /> To be able to use them we need to find out the protocol, or make our own firmware.<br /> <br /> = Hack the protocol! =<br /> The device is equipped with pair of XLR connectors connected in parallel suggesting use of DMX or RS485 protocol with daisy-chaining in mind, also the vendor (https://www.srs-group.com) is making a lot of DMX stuff, however I tried to send it DMX data on all 512 channels but no luck. I also tried to send it RS485 data in various formats, baudrates, etc - nothing worked.<br /> <br /> I also tried to read the firmware of the main controller (atmega16) but its locked (as usual).<br /> <br /> So I deciced to go &quot;my firmware&quot; way...<br /> <br /> = Make our own firmware =<br /> To be able to make our own firmware we need to know how this works - so I spent couple of hours reverse engineering the control board so we have the schematic <br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_schematic.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED &amp; driver layout]]<br /> <br /> Then I used money of the US tax payers (free chatgpt AI) to make the firmware for atmega16 in arduino with the MightyCore atmega16 support. I told him where and how are the shift registers and row decoders connected, his first task was just to display &quot;base48&quot; text... He did it... Then I asked him to add very simple serial protocol that whill wait for device address and then starts to receive graphics data column by column... And that worked too. <br /> <br /> After some polishing here is the firmware that:<br /> - on powerup shows the device address for 3 seconds<br /> - then screen is cleared and it waits for serial data (115200, 8N1)<br /> - it ignores all data until device address is received<br /> - after it receives its address, it starts to receive graphics data<br /> - because each colum of display consists of 7 LEDs, I decided that all bytes with 0 in the most significant bit (0x0-0x7F) will represent graphics data (simply each bit corresponds to LED in the column) and all with 1 in this bit (0x80-0xFF) will represent device address<br /> - therefore the device address needs to be in 0x80-0xFF range, this way we can handle up to 128 devices on the same bus<br /> - after each received graphics byte column counter is incremented<br /> - therefore if the device address its for example 0x80, you need to send 0x80, 0x7F, 0x7F, ... and 28 more 0x7Fs to make all LEDs on the panel lid up</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=LED_Panel_30x7&diff=5714 LED Panel 30x7 2026-10-28T23:20:56Z <p>Buger: added basic dascr</p> <hr /> <div>{{Project<br /> |name=LED Panel 30x7<br /> |image=LED_panel_30x7.jpg<br /> |founder=Buger<br /> |status=active<br /> |tags=hw<br /> |shortdesc=LED Panels 30x7 - make them working<br /> |created=2026-28-10<br /> }}<br /> = What is this about =<br /> This project is about to make these LED panels working. We got them for free including power supplies and some cables, however the communication protocol is unknown. <br /> <br /> To be able to use them we need to find out the protocol, or make our own firmware.<br /> <br /> == Hack the protocol! ==<br /> The device is equipped with pair of XLR connectors connected in parallel suggesting use of DMX or RS485 protocol with daisy-chaining in mind, also the vendor (https://www.srs-group.com) is making a lot of DMX stuff, however I tried to send it DMX data on all 512 channels but no luck. I also tried to send it RS485 data in various formats, baudrates, etc - nothing worked.<br /> <br /> I also tried to read the firmware of the main controller (atmega16) but its locked (as usual).<br /> <br /> So I deciced to go &quot;my firmware&quot; way...<br /> <br /> == Make our own firmware ==<br /> To be able to make our own firmware we need to know how this works - so I spent couple of hours reverse engineering the control board so we have the schematic <br /> <br /> [[File:LED_panel_30x7_schematic.jpg|center|frameless|600x600px|LED &amp; driver layout]]</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=File:LED_panel_30x7_schematic.jpg&diff=5713 File:LED panel 30x7 schematic.jpg 2026-10-28T23:18:19Z <p>Buger: LED panel 30x7 schematic diagram</p> <hr /> <div>== Summary ==<br /> LED panel 30x7 schematic diagram</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=File:LED_panel_30x7.jpg&diff=5712 File:LED panel 30x7.jpg 2026-10-28T22:57:56Z <p>Buger: Picture of LED panel 30x7</p> <hr /> <div>== Summary ==<br /> Picture of LED panel 30x7</div> Buger https://wiki.base48.cz/w/index.php?title=LED_Panel_30x7&diff=5711 LED Panel 30x7 2026-10-28T22:45:48Z <p>Buger: create page for LED panels 30x7</p> <hr /> <div>{{Project<br /> |name=LED Panel 30x7<br /> |image=Turtle-bots.jpg<br /> |founder=Buger<br /> |status=active<br /> |tags=hw<br /> |shortdesc=LED Panels 30x7 - make them working<br /> |created=2026-28-10<br /> }}<br /> = Placeholder =</div> Buger